Results found: 11850
The basic principle of IVF is retrieval of an oocyte and its fertilisation by a spermatozoon in laboratory environment. The fertilised oocytes are stored in a cultivation box where their further development proceeds ...
LF MU | discipline: Obstetrics, Gynaecology | keywords: infertility, IVF, assisted reproduction, embryology, andrology | published on: 19. 4. 2010
• Evaluation of function -lymphocyte proliferation tests - determines response to various stimuli: – specific (antigen, anti CD-3) – non-specific -polyclonal mitogens: PHA (Phytohaemagglutinin), ConA (Concanavaline A), PWM (Pokeweed mitogen) page Delayed-type of hypersenzitivity test page Tuberculin test page page page Cell-Mediated Immunity (CMI) tests • Uses the principle of delayed type of hypersensitivity • Common anamnestic antigens are used (tuberculin, candidin, trichofitin, staphylococcal antigens…) • In normal situation induration shout be formed by 48 hours ... • If the patient does nor react to majority of antigens a deficiency of T- cell mediated immunity is suspected ...
LF MU | discipline: Immunology, Allergology | ...: Array | published on: 6. 9. 2013
The teaching material is a collection of lectures divided into five sections: Introduction, Basics of methodology in scientific work, Evidence levels in dentistry, Clinical trial methodology (not) only for dentists, Questionnaires and psychometrics, Introduction to biostatistics, Genetic association studies and oral microbiome, Lipoxins and resolvins in the treatment of periodontitis, Use of nanofibres for application of bioactive substances in the prevention of oral diseases, Obstructive sleep apnea (not only) in children from the perspective of a dentist & orthodontist, Congenital developmental anomalies of the orofacial region (cleft defects), Research and development of modern oral pharmaceutical forms, Mucoadhesive films designed to cover defects of the oral mucosa, Head and neck cancer – clinical studies, therapy, microbiome, 3D virtual planning and reconstruction of the lower jaw, Modern methods in studying the development and maintenance of the vitality of the tooth, Odontogenesis – use of alternative model organisms, Translational research in life sciences: challenges and possibilities ...
LF MU | discipline: Dentistry | keywords: dentistry, basic research, applied research, genetics, oral pathology, microbiome, odontogenesis, animal model, therapy | published on: 27. 1. 2021
... date 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z pdf:PDFVersion 1.3 stream_content_type application/pdf pdf:hasXFA false access_permission:modify_annotations true access_permission:can_print_degraded true dcterms:created 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z Last-Modified 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z dcterms:modified 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z dc:format application/pdf; version=1.3 Last-Save-Date 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z access_permission:fill_in_form true pdf:docinfo:modified 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z stream_name https://portal.med.muni.cz/_download12345/5/jicinska/paediatric-cardiology-jicinska-a.pdf meta:save-date 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z pdf:encrypted false modified 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z pdf:hasMarkedContent false Content-Type application/pdf stream_size 3462004 X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.pdf.PDFParser meta:creation-date 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z stream_source_info url created 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z access_permission:extract_for_accessibility true access_permission:assemble_document true xmpTPg:NPages 21 Creation-Date 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z pdf:hasXMP false access_permission:extract_content true access_permission:can_print true producer macOS Verze 10.15.7 (sestava 19H2) Quartz PDFContext access_permission:can_modify true pdf:docinfo:producer macOS Verze 10.15.7 (sestava 19H2) Quartz PDFContext pdf:docinfo:created 2020-10-29T14:03:47Z page Study notes for lectures in paediatric cardiology not only for paediatricians: A) Paediatric propedeutics in paediatric cardiology B) How to make a diagnosis in paediatric cardiology C) Paediatric cardiology I D) Paediatric cardiology II Hana Jičínská Medical faculty of Masaryk University Brno Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Brno page Notes for lectures in paediatric cardiology not only for paediatricians: A) PAEDIATRIC PROPEDEUTICS in Paediatric Cardiology Hana Jičínská Medical faculty of Masaryk University Brno, Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Brno page The evaluation of the child with suspicion on cardiac disease page FAMILY HISTORY Family history: Parents, siblings, grandparents, next closed relatives - congenital defects: cardiac, non-cardiac - disease with genetic background (syndrome) - further cardiovascular disease: cardiomyopathies, inflammatory heart disease, hypertension - arrhythmias Initial signs of disease, duration of disease, death in family page Past history Birth history: Prenatal - previous repeated abortions in the mother, pregnancy in the mother - Risk factors in the mother, contact with teratogens, medication in pregnancy - Disease of the mother - 1st and 2nd trimester‘s screening results page History Neonatal: Childbirth: - In term? ... Anatomy of the Human Body page Heart murmur Intensity Assessed using Lewin‘s scale from 1 to 6 in 4-6 thrill present page Heart murmur proto- meso- tele- systolic diastolic Duration of murmur Daniel Chang revised original work of DestinyQx page Heart murmur in children Pathologic murmurs - In congenital or heart defects - In some very severe CHD there is no murmur Innocent murmurs: - Heard only in precordium without propagation, they change with the change of position of the body - low intensity (1-2) - 2nd to 4th left intercostal spaces between the left sternal border and the apex page Family History Physical examination are important in the process of making a diagnosis in the patient with cardiac disease ...
LF MU | discipline: Cardiology, Angiology | ...: Array | published on: 23. 10. 2020
Orthotics page operated patients: 727 metastases 386 benign 98 malign 175 tumour-like affections 68 1984 – 2005 page mammar cancer 75 Grawitz. tumour 54 The most frequent metastases: Malignant tumours: myeloma 72 chordoma 17 chondrosarcoma 12 page anterior 168 posterior 350 combined – 1 team 164 - 2 teams 45 Surgeries page Frankel scale (now ASIA scale): A plegia, anesthesia B plegia, some sensory function C usefulles motor function D useful motor (gait) E normal page During surgery – heart failure, extensive blood loss Chylothorax Infection Exitus Complications page Quick progression of paresis Surgery to 24 hours after plegia onset Conclusion page SPINE INJURIES page AO classification of T+L injuries A anterior column injury (wedge, split, burst) B both columns – flexion distraction C both columns with rotation page Neural deficit in Th + L spine A type – mainly burst fractures B type - seldom C type – majority of patients page A3.2.1 A3.3.3 A1.3 A3.1.1 A3 burst page Injuries with neural deficit Transport to spine surgery department X-rays, CT, (MRI), int., neurol ... both columns C 3-7 INJURIES AO classification 1.Bone injury 2.Bone-ligamentous 3.Ligamentous page A1 type fracture - bone injury wedge Neural deficit: burst fractures - majority of cases page Combined C5-6 surgery C type - dislocation page Neural deficit in C spine A type – burst (C5-7) – majority of cases B type – posterior column – seldom C type – both columns – majority of cases Surgery Anterior – decompression, anterior fusion and plates – majority of cases Combined surgery – C type injuries ...
LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 13. 5. 2016
Rozkydal page Synovial joint The end of bones Hyaline cartilage Ligaments Joint capsule Synovial membrane Synovial fluid page Hyaline cartilage Chondrocytes Matrix – intercelullar mass: Fibrilar structure - collagen Proteoglycans Proteins of noncollagen nature Hyaluronic acid Water – 70 volume percent page Hyaline cartilage Chondrocytes- 2 percent of volume Localised in lacunes of matrix Isogenetic groups 2-8 cells from one mother cell page Hyaline cartilage - layers Superficial Middle Deep Zone of calcifying Catilage Bone page Collagen Collagen type II (3 alfa-1 chains- 90 %) Chains form fibrils Fibrils form a three dimensional network Paraler to the surface In deep layers in columns page Proteoglycans- PG They are high hydrophylic - elasticity !! ... Synthetic activity of chondrocytes is lower The amount of chondrocytes and PG is lower page Recommended treatment Paracetamol- up to 4 g per day NSA - + inhibitors of proton pump (omeprazol) Chondroprotectives Hyaluronic acid Local corticosteroids Pain department- in a case we can not do surgery a nelze page PRP- platelets rich plasma ACP- autologous conditioned serum- Orthokine Mesenchymal stem cells ? ...
LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 15. 4. 2009
� there were several architectures developed during the computers history, � the significant influence had Von Neumann architecture, � basic architecture for a long time.� basic architecture for a long time ... � formatting: � FAT, FAT 32, NTFS, HPFS, ext2fs page � FDD – Floppy Disc Drive: � to read/write data from/on floppy discs, � used also to boot computer: 5¼” – 360kB, 720kB a 1,2MB, HARDWAREHARDWARE –– Main parts of PCMain parts of PC � 5¼” – 360kB, 720kB a 1,2MB, � 3½” – 1,44MB ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 25. 4. 2008
Hypertext atlas of fetal and neonatal pathology is a free resource for pregraduate students of medicine, pathologists and other health professionals dealing with prenatal medicine ... The atlas is suitable both for medical students and pathologists as a teaching and reference tool. The atlas is going to be further expanded while keeping the high quality of the images ...
LF MU | discipline: Anatomy | keywords: neonatology, foetopathology, foetus, neonatal, foetal, newborn, pregnancy | published on: 17. 4. 2008
... date 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z pdf:PDFVersion 1.5 pdf:docinfo:title Snímek 1 xmp:CreatorTool Microsoft® PowerPoint® 2013 stream_content_type application/pdf pdf:hasXFA false access_permission:modify_annotations true access_permission:can_print_degraded true dc:creator fnusa language cs-CZ dcterms:created 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z Last-Modified 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z dcterms:modified 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z dc:format application/pdf; version=1.5 Last-Save-Date 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z pdf:docinfo:creator_tool Microsoft® PowerPoint® 2013 access_permission:fill_in_form true pdf:docinfo:modified 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z stream_name https://portal.med.muni.cz/_download12345/7/immunology-general-medicine/immune-response-to-infections.pdf meta:save-date 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z pdf:encrypted false dc:title Snímek 1 modified 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z pdf:hasMarkedContent true Content-Type application/pdf stream_size 530212 pdf:docinfo:creator fnusa X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.pdf.PDFParser creator fnusa dc:language cs-CZ meta:author fnusa meta:creation-date 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z stream_source_info url created 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z access_permission:extract_for_accessibility true access_permission:assemble_document true xmpTPg:NPages 15 Creation-Date 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z pdf:hasXMP false access_permission:extract_content true access_permission:can_print true Author fnusa producer Microsoft® PowerPoint® 2013 access_permission:can_modify true pdf:docinfo:producer Microsoft® PowerPoint® 2013 pdf:docinfo:created 2013-10-09T12:30:42Z Snímek 1 page Immune response to infections page Factors influencing the extent and severity of infection • Pathogen factors – Dose – Virulence of organism – Route of entry • Host factors – Integrity of non-specific defences – Competence of the immune system – Genetic influences – Previous exposure to antigen – Existence of co-infection page Immune response to viral infections – Non-speciphic immunity • Interferons ( a and b) • Natural killer cells (NK buňky) • Receptor-like molecules in various secretions • In some situations also: – Activation of the complement system (EBV) – Phagocytosis – Speciphic immunity • Antibodies – neutralization of extracellular viruses • Tc lymphocytes – elimination of virus-infected cells page Mechanisms of antiviral immunity page The action of interferon (IFN) page Natural killers (NK cells) • Originate in non-T non-B lymphocyte lineage ... page page Viral strategies to evade the immune response • Antigenic variations – antigenic drift - minor changes – antigenic shift - major changes • Long-term survival in a host – Viral persistence – Viral latency – Oncogenic transformation • Immunosuppressive effect of viruses page Immunosuppressive effects of viruses • Suppression of T-cells : HIV, morbilli, CMV, • Inhibition of MHC antigens expression: CVM (binds b-2 microglobulin), Adenoviruses, RSV - decreases expression of HLA antigens • Production of inhibitory cytokies: EBV ( IL- 10 - like factor) page Damage of a host caused by anti-viral immune response • Autoimmune diseases: hemolytic anemia after EBV infection, autoimmune hepatitis induced by hepatitis-B virus • Immune complex diseases: arthritis in hepatitis B, vasculitis • Tc - meadited diseases: rash in exanthematic viral diseases, myocarditis caused by coxackie virus page Immune responses to bacterial infections • Non-specific immunity – Mechanical barriers – Phagocytosis – Complement system • Specific immunity – Antibodies - opsonisation, complement- activation, neutralisation of toxins, binding to receptors – T-lymphocytes - against intracellular parasites page Bacterial evasions of immune defences • Antiphagocytic machanisms: toxins, capsular polysaccharides • Inhibition of the complement system: Str ...
... page RELATIVE FREQUENCY TABLE • relative frequency is proportion of values falling within a particular class • frequency divided by the total number of values • the sum of relative frequency is 1 page CUMULATIVE RELATIVE FREQUENCY TABLE • cumulative relative frequency is the accumulation of the previous relative frequencies • the sum of the relative frequencies for all values that are less than or equal to the given value • the last entry of cumulative relative frequency column is 1 (100% of data) page HISTOGRAM • distribution of total frequency into different classes/group • can display large data sets • consists of continuous bars (boxes) • vertical axis is labeled as frequency (relative frequency) • frequency curve smoothly connects the mid-points of all bars page • line chart • we can also get a polygon from the histogram by connecting the polyline with the center of the top of all its columns HISTOGRAM page NUMBER OF CLASSES AND CLASS INTERVAL WIDTH Range (max - min) has to be divided into 𝒌 classes • 𝒌 is usually between 5 and 15, (can be 𝒌 ≅ 𝒏) • avoid too few or to many classes in distribution – optimal value depends on data to be processed (researcher’s knowledge) Sturges’s formula • can be used to determine number of classes and range of class intervals (width) Number of classes: 𝒌 = 𝟏 + 𝟑. 𝟑𝟐𝟐 log𝟏𝟎 𝒏 where 𝒏 is the number of values. Class interval width: 𝒄 = 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒌 • rounded to a whole number The classes should be evenly distributed ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 11. 12. 2009
... embedded slide3_rId3 embedded slide3_rId4 SK: Filter ambulantných kariet ENG: Filter of outpatient cards Filter to select group of patients/their cards: Všetci – all patients V čakárni – in the waiting room Aktívne – active cards Archívne – archived cards Diár – diary (ambulatory monitored patients) V dispenzári – dispensatory patients embedded slide3_rId5 SK: Založenie karty ENG: Create new outpatient card To create a new card for ambulatory treated patient. There can be only one outpatient clinic card created in particular outpatient clinic ... SK: Pridať ENG: Add Confirm it, if your patient is not in the Central register. There will be a need to fill in identification data as it will be a new patient ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 18. 3. 2011
... cp:revision 56 date 2006-05-14T19:55:21Z Company FN HK stream_content_type application/vnd.ms-powerpoint meta:word-count 1500 dc:creator novotjos extended-properties:Company FN HK Word-Count 1500 dcterms:created 2002-04-28T13:49:40Z dcterms:modified 2006-05-14T19:55:21Z Last-Modified 2006-05-14T19:55:21Z Last-Save-Date 2006-05-14T19:55:21Z stream_name https://mefanet.lfhk.cuni.cz/_skryty_repositar45465-gfgf454/19/12-cardiacchest-praktikum-ppt_4a19c7dd2cc4a.ppt meta:save-date 2006-05-14T19:55:21Z dc:title Thoracic radiology Application-Name Microsoft PowerPoint modified 2006-05-14T19:55:21Z Edit-Time 808136980000 Content-Type application/vnd.ms-powerpoint Slide-Count 98 stream_size 30454272 X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.microsoft.OfficeParser creator novotjos meta:author novotjos extended-properties:Application Microsoft PowerPoint meta:creation-date 2002-04-28T13:49:40Z stream_source_info url meta:last-author Administrator meta:slide-count 98 Creation-Date 2002-04-28T13:49:40Z xmpTPg:NPages 98 Last-Author Administrator Revision-Number 56 Author novotjos Thoracic radiology slideShow slide slide-master-content slide-content Chest radiology Department of Radiology University Hospital Hradec Kralove slide slide-master-content slide-content Outline Imaging methods Normal chest X – ray Abnormal imaging patterns : CXR, other methods slide slide-master-content slide-content Imaging methods - chest CXR posteroanterior upright anteroposterior supine lateral films conventional tomography, fluoroscopy CT: computed tomography conventional and spiral CT non-contrast and contrast-enhanced study CT angiography – pulmonary embolism HRCT – high resolution CT Ultrasonography MR Angiography Scintigraphy, PET slide slide-master-content slide-content CXR – PA and lateral view slide slide-master-content slide-content technical points quality of exposure visibility of vascular pattern and spinal column symmetry spinous processes, medial ends of clavicles inspiration level of diaphragm (ant. 6r, post. 9r) bones, chest wall (breasts, nipples) free diaphragmatic angles size and contours of mediastinum C-T ratio < 0.5 hila A-B index < 1.2 narrower upper vessels symmetry of lung transparency, regularly branching vascular pattern, missing in peripheral 15 mm bands PA view – normal pattern slide slide-master-content slide-content technical points quality of exposure visibility of vascular pattern and spinal column symmetry spinous processes, medial ends of clavicles inspiration level of diaphragm (ant. 6r, post. 9r) bones, chest wall (breasts, nipples) free diaphragmatic angles contours and size of the mediastinum C-T ratio < 0.5 hila A-B index < 1.2 narrower upper vessels symmetry of lung transparency, regularly branching vascular pattern, missing in peripheral 15 mm bands PA view – normal pattern slide slide-master-content slide-content Normal heart, PA projection slide slide-master-content slide-content Normal CXR, lateral projection slide slide-master-content slide-content slide slide-master-content slide-content Mediastinum - compartments slide slide-master-content slide-content technical points quality of exposure visibility of vascular pattern and spinal column symmetry spinous processes, medial ends of clavicles inspiration level of diaphragm (ant. 6r, post. 9r) bones, chest wall (breasts, nipples) free diaphragmatic angles contours and size of the mediastinum C-T ratio < 0.5 hila A-B index < 1.2 narrower upper vessels symmetry of lung transparency, regularly branching vascular pattern, missing in peripheral 15 mm bands PA view – normal pattern slide slide-master-content slide-content technical points quality of exposure visibility of vascular pattern and spinal column symmetry spinous processes, medial ends of clavicles inspiration level of diaphragm (ant. 6r, post. 9r) bones, chest wall (breasts, nipples) free diaphragmatic angles contours and size of the mediastinum C-T ratio < 0.5 hila A-B ratio < 1.2 symmetry of lung transparency, regularly branching vascular pattern, missing in peripheral 15 mm bands PA view – normal pattern slide slide-master-content slide-content Arterio-bronchial ratio B P slide slide-master-content slide-content Arterio-bronchial ratio conventional tomography slide slide-master-content slide-content technical points quality of exposure visibility of vascular pattern and spinal column symmetry spinous processes, medial ends of clavicles inspiration level of diaphragm (ant. 6r, post. 9r) bones, chest wall (breasts, nipples) free diaphragmatic angles contours and size of the mediastinum C-T ratio < 0.5 hila A-B index < 1.2 narrower upper vessels reflects distribution of blood flow valid only on erect films symmetry of lung transparency, regularly branching vascular pattern, missing in peripheral 15 mm bands PA view – normal pattern slide slide-master-content slide-content 1/3 2/3 U M L 9 6 PA VIEW – lung fields slide slide-master-content slide-content Interlobar fissures slide slide-master-content slide-content slide slide-master-content slide-content Right lung slide slide-master-content slide-content Left lung slide slide-master-content slide-content U M L PA VIEW – lung fields slide slide-master-content slide-content ICU films -AP projection - sitting - supine position limited diagnostic value lung aeration, PNO, gross abnormalities monitoring devices, lines widened mediastinal shadow C-T ratio < 0.6 equal size of upper and lower hilar vessels slide slide-master-content slide-content Supine x upright films S U slide slide-master-content slide-content Vertical versus horizontal beam direction slide slide-master-content slide-content Ultrasonography cannot pass through the aerated lung quickest and the most efficient method for depiction of pleural fluid guidance of interventional procedures slide slide-master-content slide-content Chest CT method of choice for further work-up of patient with chest disease morfological diagnosis mediastinum, lung parenchyma, vessels guidance for interventional procedures (lung biopsies, drainages) slide slide-master-content slide-content Conventional x spiral CT incremental scanning spiral (helical) scanning slide slide-master-content slide-content slide slide-master-content slide-content slide slide-master-content slide-content High resolution CT (HRCT) sequentional CT scanning thin scan collimation high spatial frequency algorithm the most valuable method for: interstitial parenchymal processes details of masses bronchi slide slide-master-content slide-content Pulmonary CT Angiography spiral CT technique contrast enhancement dg. pulmonary embolism the method of choice for diagnosis of PE in patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disease slide slide-master-content slide-content slide slide-master-content slide-content Pulmonary angiography gold standard for diagnosis of pumonary embolism currently rarely used replaced by ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy spiral CT angiography slide slide-master-content slide-content Imaging methods - heart CXR PA upright, AP supine, lateral films conventional tomography, fluoroscopy Ultrasonography transparietal, transoesophageal CT: computed tomography CT angiography – pulmonary embolism, aorta, pericardium, tumors multislice CT – coronary arteries MR – morphology, functional studies, myocardial viability Coronarography, cardioangiography Scintigraphy, PET slide slide-master-content slide-content Pulmonary vessels – MR angiography slide slide-master-content slide-content Cardiac MR - cine mode slide slide-master-content slide-content Fetal echocardiography method of choice for fetal heart evaluation no other possibility in fetus high accuracy in experienced hands slide slide-master-content slide-content Fetal echocardiography slide slide-master-content slide-content Angiocardiography slide slide-master-content slide-content Coronarography slide slide-master-content slide-content Multislice CTA coronary arteries slide slide-master-content slide-content Abnormal patterns - heart slide slide-master-content slide-content Mitral heart shape - triangle triangular shape left atrial enlargement „Kernschatten“ double right contoure dorsal extension postcapillary hypertension redistribution to upper LF interstitial edema alveolar oedema natural history: precapillary hypertension slide slide-master-content slide-content Mitral stenosis Normal heart slide slide-master-content slide-content Mitral valve disease - stenosis slide slide-master-content slide-content Aortal heart shape – „duck“ left ventricular enlargement extension to the left sinking of the apex towards the diaphragm natural history: left heart failure left atrial enlargement „Kernschatten“ double right contoure dorsal extension postcapillary hypertension redistribution to upper LF interstitial edema alveolar oedema slide slide-master-content slide-content Aortic valve lesions slide slide-master-content slide-content I.- pulmonary venous hypertension: mitral stenosis, left ventricular failure slide slide-master-content slide-content Interstitial edema after treatment slide slide-master-content slide-content Alveolar edema slide slide-master-content slide-content Right ventricular enlargement retrosternal space filling prominence of pulmonary arch heart apex above the diaphragm slide slide-master-content slide-content Generalised heart enlargement ischemic heart disease myocardiopathy myocarditis pericardial fluid slide slide-master-content slide-content II. pulmonary arterial (precapillary) hypertension normal: A-B ratio < 1.2 pulmonary embolism „cor pulmonale“ Eisenmenger sy high altitude idiopathic slide slide-master-content slide-content III. pulmonary hyperemia – left to right shunting ASD, VSD, PDA arterial and venous dilatation slide slide-master-content slide-content VI. pulmonary oligemia – tetralogy of Fallot narrowing of both arteries and veins pulmonary stenosis, TOF, hypocirculatory status slide slide-master-content slide-content Pericarditis exudativa slide slide-master-content slide-content Pericarditis calcarea slide slide-master-content slide-content Abnormal patterns - lungs slide slide-master-content slide-content SHADOWS (compartments): ALVEOLAR PATTERN: CONSOLIDATION, EDEMA, COLLAPSE (ATELECTASIS) INTERSTITIAL PATTERN LUNG NODULE (S), MASSES PLEURAL EFFUSION, MASSES, CHEST WALL MEDIASINAL MASSES LUCENCIES: EMPHYSEMA CAVITY PNEUMOTHORAX POST MASTECTOMY slide slide-master-content slide-content Lung parenchyma pulmonary acinus (primary lobule) apr. 7 mm, cca 400 alveoli, supplied by terminal bronchiole and arteriole secondary lobule last structure surrounded with connective tissue (septae) 15 – 20 mm, 3-5 acini, supplied with secondary bronchiole and arteriole slide slide-master-content slide-content Alveolar pattern - consolidation shadowing and air-bronchogram complete filling of lung segments, lobes etc ... compressive (pleural fluid, PNO) fibrous, adhesive (RDS), rounded (with pleural disease) slide slide-master-content slide-content Left lower lobe consolidation (with some collapse) elevation of left hemidiaphragm silhouette sign preservation of left heart border loss of diaphragmatic contour slide slide-master-content slide-content Silhouette sign - practise lingular consolidation - pneumonia slide slide-master-content slide-content Right lower lobe collapse There is a silhouette sign with the right paravertebral border but the right heart border is preserved ...
LF UK Hr. Králové | discipline: Cardiology, Angiology | ...: Array | published on: 27. 5. 2009
U populací v sociálních ústavech a domovech pro seniory je prevalence malnutrice okolo 5 % a v běžné populaci okolo 1 % ... Mezi rutinní vyšetření patří kompletní krevní obraz . Elektrická bioimpedance: Využívá se k měření tělesného složení a stanovení tělesných kompartmentů ...
discipline: Diabetology, Dietetics | keywords: Nutriční propedeutika | published on: 30. 3. 2012
Orthotics page operated patients: 727 metastases 386 benign 98 malign 175 tumour-like affections 68 1984 – 2005 page mammar cancer 75 Grawitz. tumour 54 The most frequent metastases: Malignant tumours: myeloma 72 chordoma 17 chondrosarcoma 12 page anterior 168 posterior 350 combined – 1 team 164 - 2 teams 45 Surgeries page Frankel scale: A plegia, anesthesia B plegia, some sensory function C usefulles motor function D useful motor (gait) E normal page During surgery – heart failure, extensive blood loss Chylothorax Infection Exitus Complications page Quick progression of paresis Surgery to 24 hours after plegia onset Conclusion page SPINE INJURIES page AO classification of T+L injuries A anterior column injury (wedge, split, burst) B both columns – flexion distraction C both columns with rotation page Neural deficit in Th + L spine !!A type – mainly burst fractures !!B type - seldom !! ...
... v=v9eNKf3MJAo&t=413s Seminal vesicles - lobulated glands, have strong muscular walls - location - lie against posterior surface of the urinary bladder lateral to the ampulla of ductus deferens, in a subperitoneal postion (the tips of seminal vesicles are covered by peritoneum) - function – contribute fluid to the ejaculate (produce about 70% of the ejaculate volume) produce a viscous and alkaline seminal fluid rich in fructose that nourishes the spermatozoa and protects them from the acidic enviroment of the female vagina - excretory duct – duct which joins ductus deferens to form ejaculatory duct (Ejaculatory ducts empty into the prostatic part of the urethra) ... Corpus spongiosum penis also contains wide vascular spaces, but the trabeculae of the smooth muscle are less prominent than in the corpora cavernosa. A filling of the cavernous spaces in the corpus spongiosum merely leads to “soft“ swelling, permitting sperm to be transported through the male urethra ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Anatomy | ...: Array | published on: 30. 6. 2018
Patologie a soudní lékařství ...
discipline: Genetics | keywords: Nádory ledvin | published on: 24. 5. 2010
discipline: Biology | keywords: Karcinogeny | published on: 22. 10. 2010
Lékařská chemie a biochemie ...
discipline: Genetics | keywords: Chemická karcinogeneze | published on: 2. 12. 2009
discipline: Genetics | keywords: Fyzikální karcinogeneze | published on: 2. 12. 2009
Fyziologie a patologická fyziologie ...
discipline: Physiology and Pathophysiology | keywords: Imunokompetentní buňky | published on: 11. 2. 2010
- Inguinal falx (conjoint tendon or conjunctival tendon) - Cremaster muscle – is a muscle that covers the testis and spermatic cord ... v=6lMKauO44rA Inguinal region: dissection of a female body (Akram Jaffar: ) https://www.youtube.com/watch? ...
... katarina.curova@upjs.sk LS 2022/23 annotation mailto:katarina.curova@upjs.sk mailto:katarina.curova@upjs.sk page COMPLEMENT SYSTEM (C) • Main humoral mechanism of nonspecific immunity • Represented by > 40 effector and regulatory glycoproteins – in blood serum - on the surface of immune cells • Blood serum – 9 components of C, some factors and regulators of C activity – circulate in inactive form • Activation of C – after contact with activator • C components react with each other in a precise and regulated manner with the goal → defense of organism against MIO and other foreign cells/material page HISTORY OF COMPLEMENT JULES BORDET (Nobel price 1919) • Described in1896 specific part of fresh human serum, which must be added to bacterial suspension along with specific antibody to kill and lyse bacteria – and named it ALEXIN • Fresh serum of immunized animals in vitro aglutinate and lyse bacteria used for immunization • Serum heated to 60°C agglutinate, but do not lyse bacteria PAUL EHRLICH • term complement (complementum, C), to express that C complements the antibody's ability to lyse bacteria page COMPLEMENT COMPONENTS • Classical pathway: C1q, C1r, C1s, C2, C3, C4 • Alternative pathway: C3, B, D, I, H, P factors • Lectin pathway: C3, MBP, MASP • MAC: C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 • Abnormal proteins: C3 – nephritic factor • Regulatory functions: C1-inhibitor, C4-binding factor, I factor, H factor, S- protein, properdin, inactivator of anaphylaxis, DAF, MCP, MIRL • Receptors of C: CR1- binds C3b, CR3 - binds iC3b, ... (8 receptors) page BIOSYNTHESIS OF COMPLEMENT In: 1 ... Some viral proteins → complex Ag+Ab (IgM, IgG3, IgG1) → low concentrations in a healthy person's blood inflammation – rise its concentration 100 times - CRP binds polysaccharides of bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses - its binding to Ag is non-specific (in contrast to Ab) page CLASSICAL PATHWAY C1 – macromolecular complex with proteolytic activity - composed of 3 subunits: C1q, C1r, C1s Recognition function - C1q C1q - 3 types of polypeptide chains (A, B,C) – each type 6 copies - triplet of chains A+B+C form subunit with binding site for - CH2 domain IgG - CH4 domain IgM Effector function – tetramolecular complex (C1r, C1s)2 Activation signal for classical pathway = binding of C1q to immune complex (IgM, IgG + Ag) page CLASSICAL PATHWAY After binding of C1q to immune complex: → auto-catalytic cleavage of proenzyme C1r to active enzyme C1r → conversion of C1s to active serine protease C1s Activated C1 cleaves C2 into C2a and C2b C4 into C4a and C4b → C4b2a = C3 convertase, cleaves C3 → C3a and C3b → C4b2a3b = C5 convertase, cleaves C5 → C5a and C5b C5 convertase cleaves C5 into C5a and C5b page CLASSICAL PATHWAY C3 convertase C4b2a page CLASSICAL PATHWAY C5 convertase C4b2a3b page CLASSICAL PATHWAY Formation of MAC - complex • Binding of C5b to the target (MIO surface) • Binding of C6, C7, C8 and several molecules of C9 to C5b (winthout cleavage) • Formation of C5b678(9)n = membrane attack complex • Its molecules (C9) are circularly incorporated into the CM of target cell (hole is formed) MAC is CYTOTOXIC page CLASSICAL PATHWAY https://www.google.com/search? ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Immunology, Allergology | ...: Array | published on: 28. 5. 2023
... sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj0xZrzkZPfAhUQKVAKHUBQBVQQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http://medpic.org/p/scapular_fracture_pictures&psig=AOvVaw0fmA-t-WQecT_Y2VsTNQSE&ust=1544458320874768 page Scapular fractures • Associated injuries • Pulmonary contusion • Pneumothorax • Clavicular fracture • Rib fractures • Nerves injury page Scapular fractures • Types • Body (A) • Neck (D) • Glenoid (B,C) • Acromion (E) • Coracoid (G) page Scapular fractures - diagnosis • X-ray, CT scan page Scapular fractures - treatment • Conservative treatment • Surgical treatment page Clavicular fractures • Common fractures • 80% in the middle 1/3 • 15% in the lateral 1/3 • 5% in the medial 1/3 • Mechanisms of injury • Fall on an outstretched hand • Fall on the point of shoulder • Blow on the clavicule • Birth trauma page Clavicular fractures • X-ray page Clavicular fractures – conservative treatment page Clavicular fractures – surgical treatment page Clavicular fractures • Complications page Acriomioclavicular dislocation • Common injury • Mechanism of injury • due to a fall onto the front and upper part of the shoulder when the arm is by the side page Acriomioclavicular dislocation • X-ray page Acriomioclavicular dislocation • Conservative treatment – grade I • Surgical treatment page Shoulder dislocation • Head of humerus loses its articulation with the glenoid cavity of the scapula • Anterior dislocation (98%) • Direct blow from posterior aspect of the shoulder • Posterior dislocation (2%) • Blow from anterior aspect page Shoulder dislocation • X-ray page Shoulder dislocation • Inferior dislocation (luxatio erecta) page Shoulder dislocation • Reduction techniques Arlt method page Rotator cuff syndrome • Rotator cuff tendinitis or tendinosis, affects the tendons and muscles that help move shoulder joint annotation http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Shoulder_joint.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Shoulder_joint.svg annotation http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Shoulder_joint.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Shoulder_joint.svg annotation http://www.google.com/url? ... sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lH8i7fzDiWDCMM&tbnid=-R5Xj3nWmZtP3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.sportsmd.com/sportsmd_articles/id/262.aspx&ei=hfz9UtjQNeyb0wWU9oHACA&psig=AFQjCNFr6vLWoAiBtmfHsITAQivfkrGnFw&ust=1392463266502913 page Rotator cuff syndrome • X-ray, MRI page Impingement syndrome • is a syndrome which occurs when the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles become irritated and inflamed as they pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion • Painful abduction of shoulder page Humerus page Humeral head fractures • Common injuries in elderly patients • Classification (Neer´s) page Humeral head fractures • Dislocations of fragments page Humeral head fractures • X-ray, CT scan page Humeral head fractures • Conservative treatement page Humeral head fractures • Surgery page Humeral head fractures • Surgery page Humeral head fractures • Complications • Axillary nerve injury • Avascualr bone necrosis page Humeral shaft fractures • Common at any age • Types • Transverse • Oblique • Spiral • Comminuted • Segmental page Humeral shaft fractures • Mechanisms of injury • Indirect mechanism: fall on outstretched hand • Direct blow on the arm • Birth injury • Radial nerve injury page Humeral shaft fractures • X-ray page Humeral shaft fractures • Conservative treatment page Humeral shaft fractures • Surgical treatment page Humeral shaft fractures page Supracondylar humeral fractures • Commonly seen in children between the age of 5-10 years • Types • Posterior displacement (95%) • Anterior displacement (5%) page Supracondylar humeral fractures • X-ray page Supracondylar humeral fractures - treatment page Supracondylar humeral fractures • Complications • Median nerve injury • Ulnar nerve injury • Brachial artery injury page Elbow page Elbow dislocation • Fairly common in adults than in children • Types • Posterior (90%) • Anterior (8%) • Medial/lateral (2%) page Elbow dislocation • Mechanisms of injury • Fall on oustretched hand with arm in abduction and extension • Direct blow to posterior part of elbow page Elbow dislocation • X-ray, (CT scan, MRI) page Elbow dislocation - treatment page Elbow dislocation • Complication • Nerve injury • Brachial artery injury page Olecranon fractures • Common in adults • Mechanisms of injury • Direct trauma on the point of elbow • Due to fall on a semiflexed elbow with forcible triceps contraction page Olecranon fractures • X-ray page Olecranon fractures • Surgery page Radial and ulnar epicondylitis of humerus • Enthesopathy • disorder of peripheral ligamentous or muscular attachments, abnormalities in the zones of attachment, for ligaments and tendons to bone ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Anatomy | ...: Array | published on: 14. 1. 2019
Od – date from Do – date till Typ – type (A - outpatient clinic, H - hospitalization) Odd. – department SK: Neschopnosti ENG: Disablements Incapacities to work due to the patient’s illness ... SK: Dátum aplikácie ENG: Date of vaccination DD.MM.YY SK: Dátum a čas kontroly ENG: Date and time of control Planned date and time to check reaction to vaccination, e.g. after 24 hours ...
Diffusible calcium, is a part of calcium that is found in the form of insoluble citrate and phosphate complexes and calcium deposited in bones. 3 ... Mix well and measure the absorbance of the analyzed sample and the standard against the blank (reference sample) within the range 5 - 15 min after the reagent is added in a 1 cm cuvette at 540 nm. Keep the time! ...
UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry | ...: Array | published on: 16. 9. 2013
... lebky, svalů žvýkacích a mimických, krevního a lymfatického zásobení a inervace ... Obr. 6–1. Schematický obraz zesílených míst ve splanchnokraniu, tvořící pilíře zahuštěné kosti, které ohraničují mechanicky nenamáhané prostory kolem sinus maxillaris a orbity ...
LF UP | discipline: Anatomy | ...: Array | published on: 14. 3. 2011
Particularly, the most significant was finding of combined deletion 1p36/19q13.3 in seven patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and two with anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, which is considered to be a predictor of good response to chemotherapy. Therefore, chemotherapy as primary treatment was recommended in these cases. I-FISH seems to be indispensable to survey specific chromosomal aberrations in tumour cells. A systematic molecular cytogenetic analyses by means of interphase FISH showed in our cohort advancement of diagnosis, grading and classification and in some cases also helped with stratification of brain tumours treatment ...
1.LF UK | discipline: Haematology | keywords: mozkové nádory, chromosomové aberace, molekulární cytogenetika, I-FISH | published on: 8. 12. 2006
... page Functions of the immune system • Deffence • Autotolerance • Immune surveillance page Antigen • Substance, that is recognised by the immune system as a foreign and triggers immune reaction (immunogenicity) ... • Polysacharides- usually only as a part of glycoproteins. • Nucleic acids- poor antigenicity, limited to complexes with proteins • Lipids – only exceptionally, best known are sfingolipids ...
Determination of total bilirubin in blood serum Bilirubin is a degradation product of heme. Heme degradation occurs in the monocyte- macrophage system and in Kupffer cells of the liver ... Unconjugated bilirubin (indirect bilirubin) quantitatively reacts with a diazo reagent only after the addition of an accelerator, which ensures the release of bilirubin from albumin binding and its solubilization ...
The promoter polymorphism IL-1B -31C/T results in a fivefold increase in IL-1B transcription activity (ref. 1). The IL-1RN gene contains a penta- allelic 86-bp tandem repeat in intron 2, of which the less common IL-1RN*2 allele enhances the IL-1β concentration in vitro ...
1.LF UK | discipline: Gastroenterology and Hepatology | ...: Array | published on: 11. 12. 2006