Search in MEFANET content

... producer Microsoft® Word 2016 access_permission:can_modify true pdf:docinfo:producer Microsoft® Word 2016 pdf:docinfo:created 2023-01-24T08:09:41Z page Week 10 – Topics for practical lessons A. THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL TEST (PIN TEST) B ... The cauda equina occupies the lumbar cistern, a subarachnoid space inferior to the conus medullaris ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Anatomy | ...: Array | published on: 30. 6. 2018

... embedded slide2_rId6 embedded slide2_rId4 embedded slide2_rId4 embedded slide2_rId4 SK: Konziliárne správy ENG: Consilium reports To open the list of health records and to create a new consilium report. embedded slide2_rId7 embedded slide2_rId4 SK: Pridať ENG: Add Add a new consilium report ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 18. 3. 2011

... page Selective IgA deficiency • Frequency: 1:400 • Usually only mild manifestation • Predominantly respiratory tract infections • Patients are prone to autoimmune diseases • Beware of anti-IgA antibodies that can cause a severe anaphylactic reaction after artificial IgA administration (by blood, immunoglobulin derivates)! ... – Intravenous immunoglobulins, subcutaneous immunoglobulins - can be used in high doses • Indications: – Replacement treatment in patients with antibody deficiencies – Prophylaxis of infections against which there is no specific immunoglobulin derivate (hepatitis A) – High doses of i.v. immunoglobulins are used in autoimmune diseases, systemic vasculitic diseases ...

LF MU | discipline: Immunology, Allergology | ...: Array | published on: 6. 9. 2013

It contains the solid theoretical basis of the anatomy of the urogenital system with a focus on clinical application. The textbook has four chapters ...

JLF UK v Martine | discipline: Anatomy | keywords: anatomy of the urogenital system | published on: 29. 11. 2021

... slide slide-master-content slide-content Historical notes middle ages: phrenitis, frenzy, febrile insanity 19th century: „clouding of consciousness“ – lack of clarity of what it means „confusion“ – lack of specificity to delirium „amency“/acute confusuinal state – terms describing milder states of delirium, obsolete 50s: attentional and other cognitive abnormalities are core features, associated with slowing on the EEG slide slide-master-content slide-content Risk factors severity of physical illness older age baseline cognitive impairment (dementia) slide slide-master-content slide-content Etiology manifestation of brain dysfunction due to systemic or brain disease or drug intoxication or withdrawal; often summation of causes intoxication - anticholinergics, lithium, hypnotics, alcohol withdrawal – hypnotics, alcohol tumor trauma, subdural hematoma infection – cerebral, systemic cardiovascular – cerebrovascular, cardial metabolic – hypoxemia, electrolyte disturbances, renal or hepatic failure, hyper/hypoglycemia endocrine – thyriod, glucocorticoid disturbances nutritional – thiamin, B12 deficiency slide slide-master-content slide-content Diagnosis Delirium due to general medical condition Substance intoxication delirium Substance withdrawal delirium Delirium due to multiple etiologies CRITERIA Disturbance of consciousness (reduced clarity of awareness of the environment) with reduced ability to focus, sustain ro shift attention A change in cognition (memory - recent, language, disorientation) or a perceptual disturbance not due to pre-existing dementia rapid onset and fluctuating course slide slide-master-content slide-content Differential diagnosis Dementia include temporal factor (onset, course, progression) no alteration of consciousness Psychotic, mood, anxiety disorders no alteration of consciousness slide slide-master-content slide-content Treatment Treatment of primary medical condition minimizing doses of all sedative and psychoactive medications (except of alcohol or sedative withdrawal delirium) symptomatic control of agitation high potency AP (haloperidol) avoid low potency AP and sedative agents (benzodiazepines, antihistaminics) – worsening!!! severe, life threatening agitation – sedation with controlled ventilation slide slide-master-content slide-content Amnestic disorders slide slide-master-content slide-content Characteristics Definition: acquired impaired ability to learn and recall new information (and past events sometimes) No attention deficit or clouding of consciousness (delirium), no other cognitive dysfunction (dementia) Secondary syndromes caused by systemic medical or primary cerebral diseases, substance abuse disorders, medical adverse effects slide slide-master-content slide-content Historical notes Korsakoff alcoholic psychosis, ie severe disturbance of mental status DSM III, III-R memory impairment (short, long-term memory) DSM IV key feature = impaired learning distinction vs. dementia: dementia = multiple impairment transient vs. chronic forms (breakpoint = 1 month) slide slide-master-content slide-content Etiology Diencephalic and middle temporal lobe structures (mammillary bodies, hippocampus) Causes of amnestic syndrome: closed head trauma penetrating missile wounds focal tumors surgical intervention herpes simplex encephalitis infarction of the territory of the posterior cerebral artery hypoxia chronic use of alcohol with thiamine deficiency Transient forms – linked with CVS disorders, pathology in the vertebrobasilar system, episodic physiologic or metabolic disorders, acute intoxications, seizures slide slide-master-content slide-content Diagnosis Amnestic disorder due to a General Medical Condition Substance-induced persisting amnestic disorder CRITERIA development of memory impairment as manifested by impairment in the ability to learn new information or the inability to recall previously learned information significant impairment in social or occupational functioning due to the memory impairment memory disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of delirium or dementia slide slide-master-content slide-content Differential diagnosis Delirium memory impairment in the context of impaired consciousnes and reduced ability to sustain, focus ro shift attention but – amnestic disorder may emerge from delirium (Korsakoff´s syndrome) Dementia coexistence of memory impairment with multiple cognitive deficits Dissociative amnesia lack of impaired learning new information – circumscribed inability to recall previously learned information with normal functioning in the present slide slide-master-content slide-content Clinical notes Transient global amnesia episodes of transitory inability to learn new information (to form memories) variable inability to recall memories from the episode restoration to completly intact cognitive state no behavioral changes x may be confusion, perplexity sudden/gradual onset – according to the cause (head trauma, CNS event, chronic toxic exposure) disorientation – may be to place and time due to severe mnestic disorder x spared orientation to person (dementia) lack of insight confabulations slide slide-master-content slide-content Treatment No effective treatments for amnestic disorder aimed specifically at learning deficit Treat underlying pathological process rehabilitation after brain injury slide slide-master-content slide-content References : Waldinger R.J.: Psychiatry for medical students, Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Press, 1997 Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ, Grebb JA.: Kaplan and Sadock´s synopsis of psychiatry, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1997 ...

LF MU | discipline: Psychiatry, Psychology, Sexology | ...: Array | published on: 12. 1. 2006

Patologie a soudní lékařství ...

discipline: Histology, Embryology | keywords: Vrozené vady nervové soustavy | published on: 11. 10. 2010

Porodnictví a gynekologie ...

discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | keywords: Vrozené vývojové vady dýchací soustavy | published on: 1. 6. 2009

... page B- cell development page Immunomodulatory treatment of tumors • Cytokines – IL-2 • Interferon alpha • BCG vaccine • Tumor vaccination – mainly using dendritic cells page page Clonal selection theory Effector cells antigen Memory cells Elimination of autoreactive clones Blood and periperal lymphatic organs expansion death death page Myeloma • Tumor that evolves from plasma cells • Paraprotein in serum • Increase in plasma cells in bone marrow • Kidney failure • Pathologic fractures • Secondary immunodeficiency page Electrophoresis of human serum Normal serum Paraproteins page Electrophoresis - paraprotein page Immunodiffusion-I Gel Ags diffuse into gel setting up a concentration gradient Abs diffuse into gel setting up a concentration gradient page Immunodiffusion - II Gel Large aggregates form at the place of equimolar concentrations of Ag & Ab page Imunoelecrophoresis page Imunoelectrophoresis (IgG Kappa praprotein) page Imunofixation (antisérum IgG Lambda) page Paraproteins • Monoglonal immunoglobulins in human serum ...

LF MU | discipline: Immunology, Allergology | ...: Array | published on: 6. 9. 2013

ASSUMPTIONS page The easiest way to verify the type of distribution is to draw a histogram and to evaluate it visually - whether it approximates curve of a normal distribution ... • 𝑯𝟎: random variable has normal distribution, 𝑯𝟏: it has not • random selection of the size 𝒏 will be subdivided into 𝒓 groups and their frequencies will be compared with the theoretical ones • a testing statistic is random variable: 𝝌𝟐 =෍ 𝒊=𝟏 𝒓 𝒏𝒊 − 𝒏𝒑𝒊 𝟐 𝒏𝒑𝒊 where 𝒏𝒊 is empirical frequency of 𝒊 -th group, 𝒑𝒊 is probability that 𝑿 will have value from 𝒊 -th group (if the zero hypotheses is accepted) 𝝌𝟐 has (for 𝒏 → ∞) distribution with 𝒓 − 𝒔 − 𝟏 degrees of freedom, where 𝒔 is the number of parameters that have to be estimated using sample data to be able to calculate 𝒑𝒊 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 9. 10. 2019

ASSUMPTIONS page The easiest way to verify the type of distribution is to draw a histogram and to evaluate it visually - whether it approximates curve of a normal distribution ... • 𝑯𝟎: random variable has normal distribution, 𝑯𝟏: it has not • random selection of the size 𝒏 will be subdivided into 𝒓 groups and their frequencies will be compared with the theoretical ones • a testing statistic is random variable: 𝝌𝟐 =෍ 𝒊=𝟏 𝒓 𝒏𝒊 − 𝒏𝒑𝒊 𝟐 𝒏𝒑𝒊 where 𝒏𝒊 is empirical frequency of 𝒊 -th group, 𝒑𝒊 is probability that 𝑿 will have value from 𝒊 -th group (if the zero hypotheses is accepted) 𝝌𝟐 has (for 𝒏 → ∞) distribution with 𝒓 − 𝒔 − 𝟏 degrees of freedom, where 𝒔 is the number of parameters that have to be estimated using sample data to be able to calculate 𝒑𝒊 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 11. 12. 2009

The related research design, data analysis and interpretation of results are also presented, allowing students to understand a wide range of important statistical analyses ... Fairhurst M., Biometrics: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978–0–19–880910–4, 2018 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 11. 10. 2010

... date 2024-11-27T09:42:33Z cp:revision 1098 Total-Time 11984 extended-properties:AppVersion 16.0000 stream_content_type application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow meta:paragraph-count 54 meta:word-count 379 extended-properties:PresentationFormat Širokouhlá dc:creator jm extended-properties:Company SjF Word-Count 379 dcterms:created 2003-08-13T07:51:06Z dcterms:modified 2024-11-27T09:42:33Z Last-Modified 2024-11-27T09:42:33Z Last-Save-Date 2024-11-27T09:42:33Z Template Theme1 Paragraph-Count 54 stream_name https://portal.lf.upjs.sk/_skryty_repositar_QFo9MDRM/3/eng/informatics/his/his-06-outpatientclinic-fdisablements.ppsx meta:save-date 2024-11-27T09:42:33Z dc:title Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint Application-Name Microsoft Office PowerPoint extended-properties:TotalTime 11984 modified 2024-11-27T09:42:33Z Content-Type application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow Slide-Count 2 stream_size 1195095 X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.microsoft.ooxml.OOXMLParser creator jm meta:author jm meta:creation-date 2003-08-13T07:51:06Z extended-properties:Application Microsoft Office PowerPoint stream_source_info url meta:last-author Používateľ systému Windows meta:slide-count 2 Creation-Date 2003-08-13T07:51:06Z xmpTPg:NPages 2 Last-Author Používateľ systému Windows Revision-Number 1098 Application-Version 16.0000 extended-properties:Template Theme1 extended-properties:DocSecurityString None Author jm publisher SjF Presentation-Format Širokouhlá dc:publisher SjF Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint slide-content Hospital Information System Outpatient clinic - Disablements (incapacity to work) Jaroslav Majernik Department of Medical Informatics and Simulator Medicine slide-master-content slide-content OUTPATIENT CLINIC – DISABLEMENTS (INCAPACITY TO WORK) embedded slide2_rId2 embedded slide2_rId3 SK: Neschopnosti ENG: Disablements To create a new disablement (incapacity to work) for the patient who will be treated at home for the next few days. embedded slide2_rId4 embedded slide2_rId5 embedded slide2_rId5 SK: Pridať ENG: Add Add a new disablement. embedded slide2_rId6 embedded slide2_rId5 SK: Číslo neschopenky ENG: Number of disablement Optional information about the disablement ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 18. 3. 2011

Lectures (from a clinical point of view): Upper limb Lower limb Thorax Abdomen Pelvis Head and neck Department of Anatomy ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Anatomy | keywords: upper limb, lower limb, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, head and neck | published on: 29. 3. 2022

Ortopedická klinika FN Brno-Bohunice page The most common spinal deformities scoliosis kyphosis page SCOLIOSIS page Scoliosis is three-dimensional deformity  in frontal plane - scoliosis  in sagittal plane – hypo, hyperkyphosis  in transversal plane – rotation, torsion page Scoliosis: 3-D deformity page Torsion page Elementary primary evaluation • anamnesis • clinical examination • X-ray evaluation • treatment page Anamnesis • familiar anamnesis • complex health status • development – sitting, standing, … • capture and present treatment page Clinical evaluation  trunk compensation – plumb line  shoulder height  waist asymmetry  pelvic balance  curve flexibility in bending position  prominence in bending forward  others - laxicity, sexual development, skin pigmentation, lenght of lower extremities page Žeberní prominence (APVZ) page Measurement of trunk decompensation page Measurement of paravertebral gibbus Measurement of shoul der asymmetry page Measurement of paravertebral gibbus page Sagittal balance page Shoulder height Gibbus Asymmetry of waist Trunk decompensation page Neurofibromatosis „café au lait“ page Radiological evaluation • PA and lateral X-rays in standing position (35x90 cm) • lateral bending X-rays and traction of 200 N • Special projections: Fergusson a Stagnara • wrist X-ray for bone age measurement (Greulich-Pyle 1959) • CT for measurement of apex vertebra rotation page Radiological scoliotic measurement • COBB – angle of scoliosis and sagittal balance • MOE – evaluation of vertebral rotation • RISSER sign – evaluation of bone age page Curve gravity evaluation according to COBB page page page Rotation evaluation according to MOE page RISSER´s sign  STADIUM 1 = 2 years before ending of growing period  STADIUM 3 = peak of growing spurt page FERGUSON´s projection page STAGNARA projection page Rotation - vertebra evaluation Th apical vertebra L apical vertebra double Th-L curves page Basic terms Apical vertebra Ending vertebra Neutral vertebra CSVL Stable vertebra page Characteristics of the curves Structural Non-structural page Curves terminology (according to Cobb angle) Main (weighty rotation) Adjacent (compensatory) page Curve structurality  Main – structural  Adjacent – structural, non-structural Curve structurality of adjacent curve is important to decide the fusion of adjacent curve in surgical treatment of AIS page Non-structural curve H 10° H 47° V 33° V 3° page Classification  Orientation – right or left convexity  Localisation – C,CT,T,TL,L,LS  Gravity of curves – according to Cobb angles  Etiology page Localisation of the curve according to position of the apical vertebra  Thoracic: T2- disc T11/12 Upper Th T3 – T5 Lower Th T6 – disc T11/12  Thoracolumbar: T12-L1  Lumbar: disc L1/2-L4 HH DH TL L page Scoliosis – ethiopathogenetic classification  Congenital  Idiopathic……..............4/5 80%  infantile  iuvenile  adolescent  Neuromuscular  neuropatic  myopatic  Neurofibromatosis  Secondary  Postural  Tumours  Other syndromas (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos…… ... Imaging methods page Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Imaging methods page • conservative treatment • observation • casting and bracing • surgical treatment • simple bony fusion • hemiepiphyseodesis • complete posterior • combined a/p • posterior instrumentation • hemivertebrectomy • combined a/p surgery • posterior only surgery Treatment possibilities page Observation Indication: - small curves <20° - curves at low risk of progression -nonsegmented hemivertebra -bilateral defects of segmentation - curves <40°at the end of an adolescent age Follow up: - clinical examination every half year - follow-up X-ray once per year up to growth completition - FU X-ray every five years in adults Progression over 25° bracing or surgery page Bracing Indication: - curves 20°-40° - curves at low risk of progression -semisegmented hemivertebra - controling of secondary curves in growth period Progression over 40° surgery page 2 main surgical techniques used today Simple bony fusion Hemivertebrectomy with instrumentation Arrest of curve progression (without direct correction) -in small curves -in early detection Correction of scoliotic curve -in greater curves -in supposed curve progression page Simple bony fusion Indication: - hemivertebra without kyphosis - short curvature < 5 vertebrae - curvature < 50° Technique: - bilateral bone desis - unilateral bone desis – hemiepiphyseodesis (convex side) - posterior, anterior or combined Unilateral fusion growth arrest on convex side allow growth on concave side page Simple bony fusion page Postoperative care Plaster cast: first 6-12 months Bracing: till the growth ending - clinical examination every half year - follow-up X-ray once per year up to growth completition page Hemivertebrectomy using combined a/p surgical approach with instrumentation stabilization page page Associated rib cage deformities Absented ribs Fused ribs page Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib (VEPTR) page The main factors of quality treatment results: -early detection -good timing -choosing of adequate surgical treatment type page Neuromuscular scoliosis page Neuromuscular scoliosis the 3rd main scoliotic deformity - extensive progression (even after mature) - weighty deformities - associated with pelvic and hip deformities -high rate of associated dysfunctions - cardiopulmonal - urinary - pressure sores - osteopenia page Neuromuscular scoliosis Sitting instability Standing instability page Etiologic classification of the spinal neuromuscular deformities -affection of the upper motoric neuron -cerebral palsy -spinocerebelar degeneration (Friedreich, Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Roussy-Lévy) -syringomyelia -spinal tumours -spinal trauma -affection of the lower motor neuron -poliomyelitis -spinal muscular atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann) -paralytic myelomeningocele 1.neuropathic 2.myopathic -artrogryphosis -muscular dystrophy (Duchenne) page Neuromuscular scoliosis  long unilateral curve  kyphoscoliosis  lumbar hyperlordosis  pelvic and hip deformities 1.Spastic forms rigid kyphoscoliosis 2.Hypotonic forms paralytic curves page Pelvic deformities 1.structural - in spinal deformities 2.functional - in muscle imbalances page Pelvic deformities •Posterior tilt •Pelvic obliquity •Pelvic rotation •Windswept hip phenomenon •Anterior tilt page POSTERIOR TILT page Extensive pelvic posterior tilt •Hyperactivity of hip extensors •Hamstrings shortening •Weakeness of lower back extensors •Decreasing of lumbar lordosis •Lumbar spine flexion POSTERIOR TILT page ANTERIOR TILT page Extensive pelvic anterior tilt •Shortening of lower back extensors •Weakness of trunk muscles •Shortening of iliotibial tractus •Shortening of hip extensors •Increasing of lumbar lordosis ANTERIOR TILT page PELVIC OBLIQUITY page Pelvic obliquity •Unbalanced trunk •Lumbar scoliosis •Hip dislocation •Muscle imbalance: •Hip adductors imbalance •Hip abductors weakness PELVIC OBLIQUITY page PELVIC ROTATION page Pelvic rotation •Often associated with scoliosis •Dislocated hip located in posterior side of rotation PELVIC ROTATION page Wind hip deformity •1st hip: Flexion+abduction+external rotation •2nd hip Adduction+internal rotation WINDBLOW HIP DEFORMITY •Hip dislocation •Pelvic obliquity and rotation •Scoliosis •Different leg lenght page Therapy of the neuromuscular spinal deformities 1.conservative disadvantages: -low efect -poor tolerance of the orthosis -worsening of the cardiopulmonal functions -pressure sores 2.surgical indications: -collapse and instability of the spine -progressivity in cardiopulmonal dysfunctions -back pain -tendence to pressure sores page Surgical therapy - doesn´t solve the primary affection - improving the secondary dysfunctions Main aims of the surgical therapy: - prevention of the deformity progression - correction of the deformity - improving of the sitting and standing stability - compensation of the pelvic obliquity - improving of the cardiopulmonal functions page Combination of the surgical techniques LUQUE = segmental spinal sublaminar instrumentation with translation forces GALVESTON = pelvic stabilisation page Luque spinal segmental instrumentation - good and safe correction - stable instrumentation - allows the release of the orthosis - possibility of the extending to the pelvis page Galveston pelvic stabilization page GALVESTON page LUQUE + GALVESTON page Main complications in instrumentation Incorrect implantation of the rod to the pelvis Dislocation of the upper instrumentation part page Contemporary treatment - transpedicular fixation page Other scoliosis page Neurofibromatosis page Neurofibromatosis „café au lait“ page Neurofibromatosis - Sharp curves - High rate of pseudoarthrosis - Reexploration of fusion page Scoliosis in other syndromas  Osteochondrodystrofy  Ehlers – Danlos  Marfan  Morquio  O. imperfecta page Secondary curves  Postural  Inflamations  Tumours  Hysteria  Degenerative page Degenerative scoliosis page Complications of surgical therapy page  perioperative – implantation of instruments  overcorrection – mechanical (spinal cord distraction) - vascular Neurological complications page Cast syndroma – vascular duodenal compression  acute (postop., plaster)  chronical (Wilke syndroma) Duodenal compresion in third part between a. mesent. sup. and aorta with partial duodenal obstruction page page Therapy of cast syndroma  intravenous nutrition  nasogastric drain  left side body position  (side to side duodenojejunoanastomosis) page Later complications  Pseudoarthrosis (loss of correction, pain, loosening of instrumentation)  Bending of fusion during growth period  Fracture in fusion page page Infection complications  superficial  deep  punction, antibiotics  surgical revision, drainage page Possible postoperative fixations FN Brno-Bohunice, Ortopedická klinika page FN Brno-Bohunice, Ortopedická klinika 1 ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 13. 5. 2016

The testes and scrotum are larger Stage 5: adult page Staging of pubertal development -TANNER Girls Breast B1-5 Pubic hair (P1-5) Axillary hair (A1-5) Menarche page Staging of pubertal development in girls Stage 1: preadolescent, elevation of the papilla only Stage 2: breast bud stage, elevation of the breast and papilla as a small mound Stage 3: further enlargement and elevation of the breast and areola, with no separation of their contours Stage 4: projection of the areola and papilla above the level of the breast Stage 5: mature stage, projection of the papilla alone due to recession of the areola page Timing of puberty • the age of normal pubertal onset in boys or girls varies considerably • determined in part by genetic factors and external factors – adequacy of nutrition, occurrence and severity of chronic disease and tempered by exercise levels • over the last 100 yrs has been a slow but marked transgenerational decrease in the age of onset of puberty in both boys and girls and onset of menarche page Normal pubertal development BOYS GIRLS Age of start (yrs) 12.5 (10-14) 11.5 (9-13) First sign of puberty G2 (testicular volume  4 ml) B2 Growth velocity (cm/yr) 10.3 (Tanner III ... • Growth velocity is normal • FSH and LH levels after LH-RH are normal • Gonadal and adrenal steroid levels are normal • Pelvic and adrenal ultrasonography is normal • only observation of the signs of pubertal develepment • in a few isolated cases can premature thelarché proceeds to precocious puberty page Gynecomastia - breast enlargement in boys Physiologic • testosteron is converting to estrogens in liver • increasing sensitivity of E receptors in breast to slightly elevated E level • In 40-50% boys at the start of puberty • unilateral or bilateral Pathologic • unilateral - breast tumor (very rare) • bilateral - elevated prolactin (prolactinoma or hypothyreosis with elevated TSH) - elevate estrogen/testosteron ratio (47,XXY) page Precocious puberty-treatement • Gonadotropin-dependent PP idiopathic GnRH (LH-RH) analog (triptorelin) to block LH-RH receptor in gonadotroph of pituitary gland • Organic – tumor or cysts surgery, exlude hamartoma • Gonadotropin-independent pseudopuberty testicular, ovarian or adrenal tumors – surgery CAH – substitution of corticosteroids autonomous steroid secretion-estrogens receptor antagonists (tamoxifen) steroid synthesis inhibitors (ketoconasole) page Delayed puberty • initial physical changes of puberty are not present: by age 13 years in girls (or primary amenorhoe at age 15.5-16yrs) by age 14 years in boys • pubertal development is inappropriate the interval between first signs of puberty and menarche in girls/completition genital growth in boys is ˃ 5 yrs page GnRH or gonadotropin dependent DP • Idiopathic – sporadic or familial (associated with constitutional growth delay) • Chronic disease with bone age delay and growth retardation due to different pathophysical mechanismes (malnutrition, anemia, acidosis, hypoxia) ...anorexia nervosa, cystic fibrosis, chronic kidney disease • Psychosocial deprivation page GnRH or gonadotropin dependent DP Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism • Gonadotropin deficiency (isolated) LH only (fertile eunuch syndrome) FSH and LH - congenital: Kallman sy, Prader-Willi sy - acquired: tumors, inflamation, irradiation, trauma ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Paediatrics, Neonatology | ...: Array | published on: 27. 3. 2017

... date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:PDFVersion 1.5 xmp:CreatorTool Microsoft® Publisher 2010 stream_content_type application/pdf pdf:hasXFA false access_permission:modify_annotations true access_permission:can_print_degraded true dc:creator JANA language cs-CZ dcterms:created 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z Last-Modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z dcterms:modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z dc:format application/pdf; version=1.5 Last-Save-Date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:docinfo:creator_tool Microsoft® Publisher 2010 access_permission:fill_in_form true pdf:docinfo:modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z stream_name https://portal.lf1.cuni.cz/_down1lfMefa48s56PRTG554-89898sds/4/157-introduction-to-first-aid-pdf_4d4fd0635bc41.pdf meta:save-date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:encrypted false modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:hasMarkedContent true Content-Type application/pdf stream_size 854854 pdf:docinfo:creator JANA X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.pdf.PDFParser creator JANA dc:language cs-CZ meta:author JANA meta:creation-date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z stream_source_info url created 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z access_permission:extract_for_accessibility true access_permission:assemble_document true xmpTPg:NPages 25 Creation-Date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:hasXMP false access_permission:extract_content true access_permission:can_print true Author JANA producer Microsoft® Publisher 2010 access_permission:can_modify true pdf:docinfo:producer Microsoft® Publisher 2010 pdf:docinfo:created 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z page 1 Scene of an emergency  Usually very stressful situation  Improvisation is usually necessary ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (Initial assessment)  Get help  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Provide first aid  Reassess regularly  Transport to health care facility page 2 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Many injuries or illnesses do not require life-saving effort or even medical treatment but in some cases very promptly and properly applied first aid could mean difference between life and death or just temporary and permanent disability  Aim of primary assessment is to decide if any life-saving intervention usually basic life support is necessary or not  Mnemonic DRs ABC helps to remember what is necessary to assess ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Get help  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Provide first aid  Reassess regularly  Transport to health care facility  D  R  s  A  B  C page 3 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Dangers = Hazards  Before rescuer approaches scene of an emergency, he needs to be sure it is safe  Look for any hazards that could be dangerous to you, the victim, or bystanders (Gasoline; Fire; Vehicle obstructing traffic; Electric current; Toxic vapour; Deep water; …)  Take general precautions at first  Do not attempt heroic rescue in hazardous circumstances  Any even potentially dangerous situation could result in further injury to the victim, rescuer or the other  In some circumstances to provide proper first aid cold mean: “call emergency services and wait for them” ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Dangers  R  s  A  B  C page 4 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Response = Consciousness  Start with assessment while you are approaching  Moving speaking, crying victim is alert - there is no need for further assessment of respon- siveness  If the victim is not alert, to assess responsiveness, firmly squeeze the victims shoulders, gen- tly shake and ask loudly: “Are you all right? ... “  Responsive victim (alert or responds to verbal or painful stimuli)  proceed to secondary assessment as basic life support is not needed right now  Unresponsive victim continue with primary assessment ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Dangers  Response  s  A  B  C  Alert and aware  Responds to Verbal stimuli  Responds to Painful stimuli  Unresponsive  AVPU scale page 5 1) Primary assessment and BLS  shout for help  Try to attract attention of somebody who could help you but so not leave the victim at this point ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Dangers  Response  shout for help  A  B  C page 6 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Airway  clear or not? ...

1.LF UK | discipline: Health Care Sciences | ...: Array | published on: 9. 2. 2011

... date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:PDFVersion 1.5 xmp:CreatorTool Microsoft® Publisher 2010 stream_content_type application/pdf pdf:hasXFA false access_permission:modify_annotations true access_permission:can_print_degraded true dc:creator JANA language cs-CZ dcterms:created 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z Last-Modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z dcterms:modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z dc:format application/pdf; version=1.5 Last-Save-Date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:docinfo:creator_tool Microsoft® Publisher 2010 access_permission:fill_in_form true pdf:docinfo:modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z stream_name https://portal.lf1.cuni.cz/_down1lfMefa48s56PRTG554-89898sds/4/163-introduction-to-first-aid-pdf_4d73e039748d8.pdf meta:save-date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:encrypted false modified 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:hasMarkedContent true Content-Type application/pdf stream_size 854854 pdf:docinfo:creator JANA X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser X-Parsed-By org.apache.tika.parser.pdf.PDFParser creator JANA dc:language cs-CZ meta:author JANA meta:creation-date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z stream_source_info url created 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z access_permission:extract_for_accessibility true access_permission:assemble_document true xmpTPg:NPages 25 Creation-Date 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z pdf:hasXMP false access_permission:extract_content true access_permission:can_print true Author JANA producer Microsoft® Publisher 2010 access_permission:can_modify true pdf:docinfo:producer Microsoft® Publisher 2010 pdf:docinfo:created 2011-02-05T15:34:06Z page 1 Scene of an emergency  Usually very stressful situation  Improvisation is usually necessary ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (Initial assessment)  Get help  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Provide first aid  Reassess regularly  Transport to health care facility page 2 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Many injuries or illnesses do not require life-saving effort or even medical treatment but in some cases very promptly and properly applied first aid could mean difference between life and death or just temporary and permanent disability  Aim of primary assessment is to decide if any life-saving intervention usually basic life support is necessary or not  Mnemonic DRs ABC helps to remember what is necessary to assess ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Get help  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Provide first aid  Reassess regularly  Transport to health care facility  D  R  s  A  B  C page 3 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Dangers = Hazards  Before rescuer approaches scene of an emergency, he needs to be sure it is safe  Look for any hazards that could be dangerous to you, the victim, or bystanders (Gasoline; Fire; Vehicle obstructing traffic; Electric current; Toxic vapour; Deep water; …)  Take general precautions at first  Do not attempt heroic rescue in hazardous circumstances  Any even potentially dangerous situation could result in further injury to the victim, rescuer or the other  In some circumstances to provide proper first aid cold mean: “call emergency services and wait for them” ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Dangers  R  s  A  B  C page 4 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Response = Consciousness  Start with assessment while you are approaching  Moving speaking, crying victim is alert - there is no need for further assessment of respon- siveness  If the victim is not alert, to assess responsiveness, firmly squeeze the victims shoulders, gen- tly shake and ask loudly: “Are you all right? ... “  Responsive victim (alert or responds to verbal or painful stimuli)  proceed to secondary assessment as basic life support is not needed right now  Unresponsive victim continue with primary assessment ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Dangers  Response  s  A  B  C  Alert and aware  Responds to Verbal stimuli  Responds to Painful stimuli  Unresponsive  AVPU scale page 5 1) Primary assessment and BLS  shout for help  Try to attract attention of somebody who could help you but so not leave the victim at this point ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Dangers  Response  shout for help  A  B  C page 6 1) Primary assessment and BLS  Airway  clear or not? ...

1.LF UK | discipline: Health Care Sciences | ...: Array | published on: 7. 3. 2011

The critical area (to reject 𝑯𝟎) is: −∞;−𝒛 𝟏− 𝜶 𝟐 ∪ 𝒛 𝟏− 𝜶 𝟐 ;∞ or in one-tailed (one-sided) 𝑯𝟎: −∞;−𝒛𝟏−𝜶 𝒐𝒓 𝒛𝟏−𝜶;∞ TESTS OF MEAN VALUES page Hypothesis testing for a mean if the variance of the population 𝝈𝟐 is unknown and the sample group is big enough Null hypothesis: 𝑯𝟎: 𝝁 = 𝝁𝟎 Alternative hypothesis: 𝑯𝟏: 𝝁 ≠ 𝝁𝟎 𝒐𝒓 𝑯𝟏: 𝝁 > 𝝁𝟎 𝒐𝒓 𝑯𝟏: 𝝁 < 𝝁𝟎 The test statistic is: 𝒁 = ഥ𝑿 − 𝝁𝟎 𝑺 𝒏 𝝈𝟐 is estimated by sample variance 𝑺𝟐 calculated from sample group data. The critical area (to reject 𝑯𝟎) is: −∞;−𝒛 𝟏− 𝜶 𝟐 ∪ 𝒛 𝟏− 𝜶 𝟐 ;∞ or in one-tailed (one-sided) 𝑯𝟎: −∞;−𝒛𝟏−𝜶 𝒐𝒓 𝒛𝟏−𝜶;∞ TESTS OF MEAN VALUES page Hypothesis testing for a mean if the variance of the population 𝝈𝟐 is unknown and the sample group is small Null hypothesis: 𝑯𝟎: 𝝁 = 𝝁𝟎 Alternative hypothesis: 𝑯𝟏: 𝝁 ≠ 𝝁𝟎 𝒐𝒓 𝑯𝟏: 𝝁 > 𝝁𝟎 𝒐𝒓 𝑯𝟏: 𝝁 < 𝝁𝟎 The test statistic is: 𝑻 = ഥ𝑿 − 𝝁𝟎 𝑺 𝒏 has t-distribution with 𝒏 − 𝟏 degrees of freedom that will be used to determine critical values at particular significance level 𝛂 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 9. 10. 2019

... page RELATIVE FREQUENCY TABLE • relative frequency is proportion of values falling within a particular class • frequency divided by the total number of values • the sum of relative frequency is 1 page CUMULATIVE RELATIVE FREQUENCY TABLE • cumulative relative frequency is the accumulation of the previous relative frequencies • the sum of the relative frequencies for all values that are less than or equal to the given value • the last entry of cumulative relative frequency column is 1 (100% of data) page HISTOGRAM • distribution of total frequency into different classes/group • can display large data sets • consists of continuous bars (boxes) • vertical axis is labeled as frequency (relative frequency) • frequency curve smoothly connects the mid-points of all bars page NUMBER OF CLASSES AND CLASS INTERVAL WIDTH Range (max - min) has to be divided into 𝒌 classes • 𝒌 is usually between 5 and 15, (can be 𝒌 ≅ 𝒏) • avoid too few or to many classes in distribution – optimal value depends on data to be processed (researcher’s knowledge) Sturges’s formula • can be used to determine number of classes and range of class intervals (width) Number of classes: 𝒌 = 𝟏 + 𝟑. 𝟑𝟐𝟐 log𝟏𝟎 𝒏 where 𝒏 is the number of values. Class interval width: 𝒄 = 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒌 • rounded to a whole number The classes should be evenly distributed ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 9. 10. 2019

Licencia Anatomy of upper extremity from orthopaedic view 14.1.2019 6.17 MB registered user – Anatomy of lower extremity from orthopaedic view 14.1.2019 5.4 MB registered user – Anatomy 1 [UA/A-GM1/14] Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Locomotory Apparatus ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Anatomy | keywords: anatomy, upper extremity, lower extremity, orthopedics | published on: 14. 1. 2019

1.LF UK | discipline: Emergency Medicine | ...: Array | published on: 7. 12. 2006

Artificial bezoar control AcknowledgementAcknowledgement This work was supported by a grant No. 209071 given by the CzechThis work was supported by a grant No. 209071 given by the Czech Ministry of EducationMinistry of Education D a y s 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 Su rv iv al (% ) 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 0 FigFig. 2.. 2 ...

1.LF UK | discipline: Gastroenterology and Hepatology | ...: Array | published on: 11. 12. 2006

Licencia Renal Rescue Therapy 16.3.2020 2.2 MB anyone – – Some Invasive Procedures in Anaesthesia 16.3.2020 283.18 KB anyone – – Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition – Basic Principles of Fluid Therapy 16.3.2020 3.38 MB anyone – – Fluid Balance, Oxygentherapy, Pneumothorax 16.3.2020 3.06 MB anyone – – Metabolizmus, transport kyslíka, spotreba a dodávka kyslíka, hemodynamika 16.3.2020 2.52 MB anyone – – ACLS Review 16.3.2020 573.94 KB anyone – – 2nd Department of Anestesiology and Intensive Medicine ...

LF UK v Bratislave | discipline: Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine | keywords: Anestehsiology, ACLS | published on: 16. 3. 2020

Special projections: Fergusson a Stagnara •! wrist X-ray for bone age measurement (Greulich-Pyle 1959) •! ... complete posterior •!combined a/p •!posterior instrumentation •!hemivertebrectomy •! ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 15. 4. 2009

... q Scar measurement is different with every person, nevertheless there is a general rule that deeper the burn and the longer healing time is than the greater and worse influenced scars by rehabilitation arise ... page THE MAIN PHYSIOTHERAPY PRINCIPLE q Systematic (time demanding) q Specialized physiotherapist q Patient´s activation and motivation q Nursing staff co-operation q Family relatives co-operation page PHYSIOTHERAPY q Right after the injury, after the burn shock wearing off q Repositioning q Passive exercising q Active one with some help q Active exercising q Exercising against resistance q Exercising in hypermanganese bath page q Single fingers binding q Pressure massages q Soft techniques and balooning q Peripheral joints mobilization q Post isometric relaxation q Silicone patches q Elastic stalls q Phyical therapy q Occupational therapy and exercise of daily routines page PHYSIOTHERAPY CONTRAINDICATION q Transplanting period (1-5 days according to the consulting room) q Patint´s state (febrile states, cardiopulmonary decompensation.... q Thrombosis, thrombophlebitis page ACTIVE AND PASSIVE EXERCISING page EXERCISING IN HYPERMANGANESE BATH page BINDING OF EACH FINGERS page PRESSURE MASSAGES q Done a few times a day q Finger pressure on the scar area for 30s q Hypertrophic scars formation prevention page SOFT TECHNIQUES + BBALOONING q Influence the reflexive changes in the mucles and hypodermis q Put before the exercising page PERIPHERAL JOINTS MOBLIZATION page page ELASTIC STALLS q From polyurethane fibre q Made-to-measure q Worn for 23 hours everyday for one or two years page REPOSTITIONING q Redressive q Corrective q Functional page POST ISOMETRIC RELAXATION TECHNIQUE page SILICONE GELS AND PATCHES q Affect the scars likely as pressure masssages page ERGOTHERAPY AND DAILY ROUTINE EXERCISING page TRAINING: q Inform the affected person or his/her family to stick to the above metioned rules (wearing elast. stalls, press. mas,..) ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 26. 10. 2018

Elaborate a semester work according to study groups on the given topics ...

LF UK v Bratislave | discipline: Dentistry | keywords: oral surgery, dentistry | published on: 24. 3. 2020

... page COMPUTER HISTORY COMPUTER HISTORY –– ComputerComputer computers development brought va pp according to them, the computers w Zero generation all the computers developed before  first electromechanical components manually programmable using the s low reliability as well as computing  MARK I MARK II ZUSE 1 ZUSE 2 ZUMARK I, MARK II, ZUSE 1, ZUSE 2, ZU 1st generation forties and fifties of the last centuryforties and fifties of the last century starts with invention of vacuum–tub up to 1000 operation per secondup to 1000 operation per second, first computer code, high energy consumption and short g gy p ENIAC, UNIVAC I, UNIVAC II, IBM 704  generations generations arious conceptions, gg were divided into generations: forties of the last century, s (relay), switches and wires, rate, USE 3 EDVAC EDSACUSE 3, EDVAC, EDSAC … yy, be, lifetime of vacuum – tubes,, 4, IBM 650 … page COMPUTER HISTORY COMPUTER HISTORY –– ComputerComputer 2nd generation pp end of fifties and first half of sixties  vacuum–tubes replaced by transisto smaller, faster, less energy consump first magnetic disc, operating system th d f ti dthousands of operation per second, IBM 1410, MINSK, ZPA 600, SPECTRA 3rd generation3rd generation second half of sixties and seventies  starts with invention of integrated cstarts with invention of integrated c 100 000 operations per second, universal operating systems, real timp g y , first monitors and terminals end of seventies – 3.5 generation (m IBM 360, JSEP, EC 1021, RPP 16, IBM  generations generationsgg of the last century, ors, ption, higher reliability, ms, programming languages, A 70, TESLA 200 … of the last century, ircuitsircuits, me applications,pp , million ops) M 370, EC 1045 … page COMPUTER HISTORY COMPUTER HISTORY –– ComputerComputer 4th generation pp first half of eighties of the last centu transition to monolithic integrated c usage of microprocessors, semicond microcomputers IBM PC, Apple Mac Hewlett Packard SunHewlett Packard, Sun … 5th generation nineties of the last century till thesenineties of the last century till these improvements in parallel computing billion operations per second,p p , integration of communications and  massive expansion of computer netw information technologies (IT) lead to  generations generationsgg ury, circuits, ductor memories, laser technique, cintosh, minicomputers DEC (Compaq),  e yearse years, g, multimedia, works, o information society ... pp it is hard to specify whether there a only improvements of the 5th genera h d l d dthe development trends tend to use processing approach similar to the h the computers of the 6th generationthe computers of the 6 generation  the changes may occur also by usage integrated optoelectronic syste cryogenic electronics, and/or bioelectronics ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 25. 4. 2008

Cummulative recovery (cPDR) significantly distinguishes severe CHP (grade C3) from all other groups, mild CHP (grade A) is significantly higher compared to other groups of CHP ...

1.LF UK | discipline: Gastroenterology and Hepatology | keywords: diagnostic techniques, digestive system, pancreatic function tests, pancreatitis, breath tests, Exocrine pancreatic function, Chronic pancreatitis, Breath test, Stable isotope 13C, Mixed triglyceride, Fecal elastase, diagnostic techniques, digestive system, pancreatic function tests, pancreatitis, breath tests | published on: 19. 2. 2007

Diagnostics and operation of a cyst in maxillary sinus. Preventive aspects) ...

LF UK v Bratislave | discipline: Dentistry | keywords: Oral surgery, Cysts of hard tissue, Precancers | published on: 22. 2. 2022

Serological reactions based on the reaction between antigen and antibody can be used directly in the detection, identification and quantification of microbial antigens in a clinical sample. They are mainly used for the identification of hard-to-isolate and non-cultivable microorganisms, but also as screening methods and methods of rapid preliminary diagnosis ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Microbiology | keywords: serologic reaction, agglutination, antibody, antigen, antibody titer | published on: 28. 5. 2023