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Communication - Mail

ppsx Communication - Mail
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Otherwise, also the Continue in work button (Pokračovať v práci) is active. slide-master-content slide-content Thank you for your attention Jaroslav Majernik jaroslav.majernik@upjs.sk slide-master-content embedded /docProps/thumbnail.jpeg ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Informatics and Information Science | ...: Array | published on: 18. 3. 2011

Psychoterapie

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� Uplatňuje se ve všech oborech medicíny, nejen v psychiatrii, ovšem v psychiatrii je používána nejsystematičtěji a u řady poruch může být léčbou volby ... � Nedostatek interpersonálních dovedností - pomoc v jejich získání Fáze léčby v IPT - 2 page Třetí fáze V závěrečné fází se probírají: � pocity spojené s ukončením léčby ...

LF UP | discipline: Psychiatry, Psychology, Sexology | ...: Array | published on: 24. 2. 2009

Vybrané kapitoly z dětské chirurgie

Vybrané kapitoly z dětské chirurgie

... plastická chirurgie v dětském věku ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | keywords: malá chirurgie, chirurgie novorozence, obecná traumatologie, viscerální traumatologie, náhlé příhody břišní, hrudní chirurgie, vrozené vývojové vady, plastická chirurgie v dětském věku, popáleniny, dětská onkochirurgie, syndrom týraného dítěte | published on: 25. 10. 2018

Differential diagnosis of hepatospenomegaly

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• Metabolic examinations – lactate, NH3, 3- OH butyrate, AM in serum and urine page Examinations • Deficiency of factor V. a vitamín K dependent factors (II, VII, IX a X) can be present in some of patients with severe liver disease of fulminant liver failure • if PT or INR are prolonged, as a consequence of intestinal malabsorption of vit K, or ↓ nutritional income of vit K, parenteral administration of vit K, should correct COAGULOPATHY leading to normalisation during 24 h • No response to parenteral application of vit K liver disease page Imaging methods • Ultrasonography – method od 1.st choice, noninvasive, no radiation, painless (child) • size, echogenity, consistence, detection of lessions size 1 cm • Biliary system – anatomy, biliary sludge, stones • Doppler usg – v. portae • CT/MR examination – small focal lessions – tumors, cysts, abssces page Imaging methods • Radionuclid examination • infant – Dx biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis • biliary atresia – hepatic recapturing of radionuclid normal, absent excretion to the gut • neonatal hepatitis – recapturing of radionuclide impaired liver parencha decreased • Excretion to the intestine present • Cholangiografy – visualisation of intra a extrahepatatic biliary tract cause, extent, place of obstruction • Peroperative cholangiografy – method of choice in neonates, ERCP alternative • MR cholangiopackreatography – newer method, non invasive • (limited use in neonates, toddlers, infants) page Imaging methods • Liver biopsy • Percutanneous, perioperative, transjugular • Percutanneous BP – neonate since the 1.st.w. of life • Histologic examination • Biochemical analysis of liver tissue • History + lab. examinations + LB lead to correct dg in most of the cases of hepatomegaly in children page page page Diagnostic algorithm to arrive at the most common dg for a neonate with Hepatom ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Paediatrics, Neonatology | ...: Array | published on: 22. 3. 2017

1. week ST

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- cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, lipid accumulation (skin) IV VLDL overproduction and reduced elimination of VLDL - common - cardiovascular disease, diabetes, pancreatitis V VLDL, CM deficiency of LPL and overproduction of VLDL - cardiovascular diseases, pancreatitis, diabetes In practice, a division into hypercholesterolemia, hypertriacylglycerolemia, and mixed hyperlipidemia is more commonly used ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry | ...: Array | published on: 16. 9. 2013

8. week ST

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Defective enzyme Symptoms Typ 0 glycogen storage diseases 20 000 Typ I. glycogen storage diseases - Von Gierke disease 100 000 Typ II. glycogen storage diseases - Pompe disease 175 000 Typ III. glycogen storage diseases – Forbes disease 125 000 Typ IV. glycogen storage diseases – Andersen disease 1 million Typ V. glycogen storage diseases – McArdle disease 1 million Lactose intolerance Fructose intolerance 20 000 Fructosuria 130 000 Galactosemia 35 000 PC deficiciency 2 500 GPD deficiency 5 000 HK deficiency PK deficiency PDH deficiency 250 000 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry | ...: Array | published on: 15. 2. 2011

Základy obecné neurologie pro studenty bakalářského studia ošetřovatelství a porodní asistence

pdf Základy obecné neurologie pro studenty bakalářského studia ošetřovatelství a porodní asistence
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Text je v maximální míře strukturovaný, pro lepší orientaci v něm jsou klíčové termíny zdůrazněny (tučně a/nebo kurzívou) ... - Druhý (periferní) motoneuron, lokalizovaný v míše nebo v jádrech některých motorických nervů v mozkovém kmeni ...

LF MU | discipline: Health Care Sciences | ...: Array | published on: 7. 9. 2018

Specifická bariérová péče a preventivní opatření u pacientů s infekčním onemocněním

pdf Specifická bariérová péče a preventivní opatření u pacientů s infekčním onemocněním
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Po uplynutí doby expozice v roztoku se předmět vyjme a opláchne se čistou vodou ... K hygieně rukou pracovníci používají mýdlo v dávkovačích, vodu a jednorázové utěrky umístěné v krytých zásobnících ...

LF MU | discipline: Health Care Sciences | ...: Array | published on: 10. 11. 2017

Vybrané infekční nemoci virového či bakteriálního původu - HIV

pdf Vybrané infekční nemoci virového či bakteriálního původu - HIV
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Zatímco v úvodu pandemie byl homosexuální styk hlavní cestou přenosu, v současné době je v rozvinutých zemích zodpovědný za méně než 50% nových infekcí a v oblastech s vysokou prevalence HIV je heterosexuální přenos zodpovědný za více než 70% případů sexuálně přeneseného HIV (26) ... Dalšího rozvoj HIV-1 infekce je charakterizován masivní replikací viru v buňkách imunitního page systému, zejména v CD4 + T lymfocytech, a jejich následná eliminace v důsledku imunitní reakce odstraněním imunitními efektory, v důsledku apoptózy, nebo i dalšími mechanismy ...

LF UK Hr. Králové | discipline: Biology | ...: Array | published on: 25. 9. 2015

Neural development and embryonic stem cell-based developmental modelling

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Nineteen bacteria colonies were screened by PCR and the products were run on 1% gel at 90 V for 40 min. Marker: 100bp Plus DNA Ladder on the first land ...

LF MU | discipline: Biology | ...: Array | published on: 15. 12. 2014

Acute abdomen in children

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ACCORDING TO THE HEIGHT OF OBSTRUCTION: PROXIMAL OBSTRUCTION SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION DISTAL OBSTRUCTION page KONZERVATIVNÍ POSTUP CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF ILEUS K+ SYNTOSTIGMIN Na+ Cl- DISSOLVE IONS AND MEDICAMENTS page KONZERVATIVNÍ POSTUP K+ SYNTOSTIGMIN Na+ Cl- EFFUSE ACCUMULATED LIQUID CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF ILEUS DISSOLVE IONS AND MEDICAMENTS page KONZERVATIVNÍ POSTUP K+ SYNTOSTIGMIN Na+ Cl- EFFUSE ACCUMULATED LIQUID CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF ILEUS DISSOLVE IONS AND MEDICAMENTS page KONZERVATIVNÍ POSTUP K+ SYNTOSTIGMIN Na+ Cl- INFUSE LIQUID INTO VENOUS SYSTEM ADMIT THAT CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT MAY NOT ME SUFFICIENT EFFUSE ACCUMULATED LIQUID CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF ILEUS DISSOLVE IONS AND MEDICAMENTS page APPENDECTOMY SCAR ILEUS 3 HOURS LATES TK 110/70 P 94 100/50 P 112 INCREASED PERISTALSIS NO PERISTALSIS DIFFUSE TENDERNESS OF ABDOMEN SWELLING, GUARDING VOMITING ABDOMINAL PAIN LAPAROTOMY IS INDICATED DUE TO THE WORSENING OF THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE page AHEDIOLYSIS PARALYTIC ILEUS page PARALYTIC ILEUS BOWEL NECROSIS RESECTION AND ANASTOMOSIS CONSTRUCTION page ABDOMINAL PAIN + VOMITING + LAPAROTOMY SCAR TO SEE A SURGEON TO EXCLUDE STRANGULATION ILEUS page Boy (7y), black stool, weakness, breathless Pale, sweaty, HR 112/min, abdomen without clinical signs, pr: black tarry stool Past medical history: umbilical vein cannulation page chlapec (7r), černá stolice , slabost, dušnost bledý, opocený, p. 112/min, břicho bez klinického nálezu, p.r. černá mazlavá stolice doplnění osobní anamnézy: v novorozeneckém věku kanylace umbilikální žíly během lékařova přemítání o stolici pacient začne zvracet krev CAUSES OF FAKE BLEEDING page Boy (7y), black stool, weakness, breathless Pale, sweaty, HR 112/min, abdomen without clinical signs, pr: black tarry stool Past medical history: umbilical vein cannulation During doctor‘s consideration the patient starts to vomit blood page UPPER GI BLEEDING HEMATEMESIS MELENA MOSTLY MORE SEVERE LOWER GI BLEEDING HEMATOCHEZIA MOSTLY LESS SEVERE BASIC TYPES OF BLEEDING INTO GIT page BASIC MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE BLEEDING: SIGNS OF SEVERE BLEEDING INTO GIT page IN HOSPITAL: NASOGASTRIC TUBE ICE-COLD IRRIGATION Leu Hb Hct NOT WAITING FOR THE RESULT OXYGENOTHERAPY DICYNONE (ETAMSYLAT) KANAVIT PAMBA (PARAAMINOBEN ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 26. 10. 2018

Research Activities in Dentistry – Practical Course (slideshow)

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Doležálková, E.; Unzeitig, V. Kyselina listová a prevence rozštěpových vad centrálního nervového systému ...

LF MU | discipline: Dentistry | ...: Array | published on: 7. 1. 2021

13. week ST

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The red connector (anode) should attach to the positive terminal and the black connector (cathode) to the negative terminal. 10. Set 140 V. Press start 11. DNA will migrate towards the positive electrode, which is usually colored red. 12 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry | ...: Array | published on: 15. 2. 2011

Practicals in Pharmacology (read only)

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4. p. tres tres tria 4 IV quattuor 5 V quinque 6 VI sex 7 VII septem 8 VIII octo 9 IX novem 10 X decem 11 XI undecim 12 XII duodecim 15 XV quindecim 19 XIX undeviginti 20 XX viginti 25 XXV viginti quinque (quinque et viginti) 28 XXVIII duodetriginta (viginti octo) 30 XXX triginta 40 XL quadraginta 50 L quinquaginta 60 LX sexaginta 70 LXX septuaginta 80 LXXX octoginta 90 XC nonaginta 99 XCIX, IC nonaginta novem 100 C centum 102 CII centum duo 200 CC ducenti, ducentae, ducenta 300 CCC trecenti, -ae, -a 400 CD quadringenti, -ae, -a 500 D quingenti, -ae, -a 600 DC sescenti, -ae, -a 700 DCC septingenti, -ae, -a 800 DCCC octingenti, -ae, -a 900 CM nongenti, -ae, -a 1000 M mille 1550 MDL mille quingenti quinquaginta 2000 MM duo milia 3000 MMM tria milia page 2 1 % una pars centesima 1/2 pars dimidia 50 % quinquaginta centesimae 1/3 pars tertia 0 nullum, zero 1/4 pars quarta bis twice ter three times quater four times V E R B S The prescriptive language includes only a few imperatives and present passive subjunctives that are used in settled expressions indicating instructions for preparation or marking of the medicine before it is given to the patient ... Dentur They are being given Signentur They are being marked A D V E R B S statim immediately guttatim by drops cito quickly P R E P O S I T I O N S With accusative: ad to, into per through, during, by ante before secundum according to, after intra inside, in page 3 With ablative: cum with sine without e, ex from, out of sub under pro for With accusative and ablative: in in, on (what), inside of, for (what) sub under P R E S R I P T I V E E X P R E S S I O N S A N D A B B R E V I A T I O N S Ad usum medici Ad us. med ...

LF MU | discipline: Pharmacology | ...: Array | published on: 8. 4. 2009

ŠLAPÁK, Ivo, JANEČEK, Dalibor. Eustachova trubice a pneumatický systém spánkové kosti

pdf ŠLAPÁK, Ivo, JANEČEK, Dalibor. Eustachova trubice a pneumatický systém spánkové kosti
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Sekreční buňky produkují hlen, lysozym a povrchově aktivní látky. V Eustachově tubě v kostěné části tvoří 12 %, v prostoru mezi ET a promontoriem a v hypotympanu 10 %, na promontoriu 8%, v epitympanu 6% a v mastoideálním výběžku méně než 1% ze všech buněčných typů ... Další příčinou mohou být chirurgické výkony v této oblasti, kraniofaciální deformity, Downův, Turnerův, Apertův nebo Crouzonův syndrom. 2.2.3 ...

LF MU | discipline: Otorhinolaryngology | ...: Array | published on: 13. 8. 2007

Research Activities in Dentistry – Practical Course (instructions)

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(8) Doležálková, E.; Unzeitig, V. Kyselina listová a prevence rozštěpových vad centrálního nervového systému ... T.; Walsh, S. J.; Lalla, R. V. Reduced Dietary Intake of Vitamin B12 and Folate in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ...

LF MU | discipline: Dentistry | ...: Array | published on: 7. 1. 2021

The Use of the Er:YAG Laser 2940 nm in complex caries removal

The Use of the Er:YAG Laser 2940 nm in complex caries removal

Licencia Figure 1 - Left upper second premolar with proximal caries lesion distally. 1.12.2017 390.79 KB MEFANET user Figure 2a - Bitewing radiography right. 1.12.2017 146.34 KB MEFANET user Figure 2b - Bitewing radiography left. 1.12.2017 55.65 KB MEFANET user Figure 3 - Laser handpiece and the tip. 1.12.2017 85.37 KB MEFANET user Figure 4 - Start of enamel ablation. 1.12.2017 329.45 KB MEFANET user Figure 5 - Start of dentine ablation. 1.12.2017 459.93 KB MEFANET user Figure 6 - Cavity after laser excavation. 1.12.2017 342.97 KB MEFANET user Figure 7 - Final composite restoration gaenial gc. 1.12.2017 262.65 KB MEFANET user x [KZL-ZL5] x [KZL-ZL4] x [KZL-ZL3] x [KZL-ZL2] x [KZL-ZL1] x [ZS-S] Klinická biofyzika [ULBF/KBF-V/09] 1st Department of Stomatology ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Biophysics | keywords: Er:YAG laser, caries, ablation, Er:YAG laser, caries, ablation | published on: 1. 12. 2017

Sborník RITM II

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Ostatně medicína je jen jedna, a mělo by to tedy platit i pro aplikace informačních technologií v ní. Začínající spolupráce s 1. LF UK v Praze a LF UP v Olomouci vedla v roce 2006 k podání společného projektu, kterému je i v tomto sborníku věnován prostor ... Řešení podpory výuky v oblasti zpracování medicínské obrazové informace v rámci projektu MeDiMed 17.05–17.20 doc ...

LF MU | ...: Array | published on: 20. 4. 2007

Vybrané kapitoly z popáleninové medicíny

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V roce 1993 ho vystřídal v roli primáře a později přednosty prof ... V tomto období dominují četné chirurgické či konzervativní výkony, které mají za cíl odstranění devitalizované tkáně a uzávěr kožního defektu ...

LF MU | discipline: Emergency Medicine | ...: Array | published on: 25. 9. 2019

43. pracovní konference Komise experimentální kardiologie. Konferenční sborník.

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Šustr: Polymorfismy RS5186 v AT1R a RS7079 v AGT ovlivňují krevní tlak a jeho variabilitu u mladých osob 8 ... Etanol byl aplikován v koncentracích 2 - 80 mM (~0.09 - 3.7‰), nikotin v koncentraci 400 nM ...

LF MU | discipline: Pharmacology | ...: Array | published on: 21. 10. 2015

Degenerativní cervikální myelopatie

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Podobné pozorování udělali Mixter a Barr (1932) a přednášeli o tom v následujícím roce v odborné společnosti. Jejich článek publikovaný v roce 1934 získal mimořádný celosvětový ohlas ... U nemocných s klinickými projevy DCM je OZPV primární složkou kompresivního procesu v 27 % případů u japonské populace a v 20–25 % v USA ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 16. 1. 2023

Vybrané kapitoly z hepatológie a gastroenterológie

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Interná klinika Univerzity Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Lekárska fakulta MUDr. Martin Janičko, PhD ... Interná klinika Univerzity Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Lekárska fakulta MUDr. Ľubomír Skladaný, PhD ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Internal Medicine | ...: Array | published on: 29. 1. 2020

Selected infectious diseases of viral or bacterial origin - Gonorrhea

docx Selected infectious diseases of viral or bacterial origin - Gonorrhea
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... list_Paragraph [11] Salavec M, Bostik V, Prasil P, Smetana´J, Splino M, Chlibek R, Louda M, Bostik P ... list_Paragraph [19] Jain S, Win HN, Chalam V, Yee L. Disseminated gonococcal infection presenting as vasculitis: a case report ...

LF UK Hr. Králové | discipline: Biology | ...: Array | published on: 30. 9. 2015

Congenital disorders, plastic surgery in children

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Excessive growth gigantism gigantodactyly V. Slower growth hypoplasia brachydactyly brachysyndactyly brachimetacarpus page classification VI ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 26. 10. 2018

Pull down

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Monitor the appearance of protein bands. V. References Einarson, M.B. and Orlinick, J.R. (2002) ...

LF MU | discipline: Biophysics | ...: Array | published on: 18. 6. 2012

Yeast two-hybrid

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Interaction mating assay for protein interactions. V. References 1. Fields, S., Song, O. (1989): A novel genetic system to detect protein-protein interactions ...

LF MU | discipline: Biophysics | ...: Array | published on: 18. 6. 2012

11. week WT

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Defective enzyme Symptoms Typ 0 glycogen storage diseases 20 000 Typ I. glycogen storage diseases - Von Gierke disease 100 000 Typ II. glycogen storage diseases - Pompe disease 175 000 Typ III. glycogen storage diseases – Forbes disease 125 000 page Practical Exercises from Medical Biochemistry 1 Metabolism of saccharides 6 Typ IV. glycogen storage diseases – Andersen disease 1 million Typ V. glycogen storage diseases – McArdle disease 1 million Lactose intolerance Fructose intolerance 20 000 Fructosuria 130 000 Galactosemia 35 000 PC deficiciency 2 500 GPD deficiency 5 000 HK deficiency PK deficiency PDH deficiency 250 000 3 ...

UPJŠ LF v Košiciach | discipline: Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry | ...: Array | published on: 15. 2. 2011

Introduction to first aid

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 Where help is needed (exact address, important landmarks, …  Your name and phone number ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Get help  Europe 112  Local 155  Helth care facility 4444  What happened  How many victims  Where  Who page 9 3) Secondary assessment  Is done only if breathing and heartbeat are present = basic life support is not needed right now  the circumstances will determine how detailed secondary assessment will be  ABCDE approach  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything else ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Get help  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Provide first aid  Reassess regularly  Transport to health care facility  A  B  C  D  E page 10 3) Secondary assessment  Airway  The airway needs to be clear for breathing  if obstructed, must be cleared immediately  Recommended procedures to maintain airway  Head tilt and chin lift - unresponsive victim  Jaw thrust - victim with suspected spinal injury  Cough - victim with mild airway obstruction  Back blow - victim with severe airway obstruction  Abdominal thrust - victim with severe airway obstruction  Chest thrust - victim with severe airway obstruction  Recovery position - unresponsive victim ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  B  C  D  E  Head tilt – chin lift  Jaw thrust  Back blow  Abdominal thrust  Chest thrust  Recovery position page 11 3) Secondary assessment  Breathing  Gain following information to assess breathing  Respiratory rate  The number of breath per minute  The normal breathing rate in adult is about 12-16 per minute  Bradypnea - too slow breathing  Tachypnia - too fast breathing  Apnea - no breathing at all  Depth  Too deep or too shallow breathing  Presence of discomfort, pain, noise associated with breathing  Victim with breathing difficulties  Responsive - place him /her in high sitting position  Unresponsive, not cooperative - place him /her in recovery position ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  C  D  E  Rate  Normal respiration 12 - 20  Bradypnea   Tachypnea   Apnea  Depth  Ease  Noise page 12 3) Secondary assessment  Circulation and haemorrhage control (bleeding)  Gain following information to assess circulation  Heart rate  The number of beats per minute  The normal heart rate in adult is about 60—90 per minute  Bradycardia - too slow heart beat  Tachycardia - too fast heart beat  Cardiac arrest - no heart beat at all  Rhythm  Regular or irregular  Arrhythmia - irregular rhythm  Strength  Skin colour  Pale, bluish discoloration - compromised circulation ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  D  E  Rate  Normal HR 60 - 90  Bradycardia   Tachycardia   Strength  Rhythm  Arrythmia  Skin colour page 13 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Gain information about following areas  Mental status  Pupils  Extremity ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  Mental status  Pupils  Extremities page 14 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Mental status  Glasgow coma scale is used to assess mental status by observing victim’s ability in eye opening, verbal and motor response  The highest score is 15 points, the lowest 3  8 points and less imply inability to protect own airway for decreased level of conscious- ness ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Eye opening  Spontaneously 4  To Speach 3  To Pain 2  None 1  Verbal response  Orientated 5  Confused 4  Inappropriate w ords 3  Incomprehensible sounds 2  None 1  Motor response  Obey s v erbal commands 6  Localising pain 5  Withdraw s from pain stimuli 4  Flex ing to pain 3  Ex tension to pain 2  No response 1  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  Mental status: Glasgow Coma Scale  Pupils  Extremities page 15 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Pupils  should be equal and react to light ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  GCS  Pupils  Extremities  Shape  Equality  Response to light  PEARL  Pupils Equal And Reacting to Light page 16 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Extremities  Assess sensation and active movement of all extremities and compare response of both sides ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  GCS  PEARL  Extremities  Sensation  Movement page 17 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Gain information about what can be related to current condition ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything Else page 18 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Finish physical examination  Obtain victim’s history  Depends on circumstances where to start, generally if there is:  Significant mechanism of injury  start with physical examination  No mechanism of injury  start with victim’s history ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything Else  Physical examination  Victim‘s chief complaint  Head to toe examination  Victim‘s history page 19 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Finish physical examination  Depends on circumstances if to start with victim’s chief complain or head to toe examina- tion  Look for DOTS  Deformities  Open wounds  Tenderness or pain  Swelling ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  DOTS  Deformity  Open wounds  Tenderness  Swelling  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything Else  Physical examination  Victim‘s chief complaint  Head to toe examination  Victim‘s history page 20 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Obtain victim’s history  Symptoms - all signs of injury or illness  Allergies - if the victim is known to be allergic to something  Medication - if the victim is on some kind of medication or just taken some medication for some reason  Past medical history - any severe medical condition or chronic illness the victim is suffering from  Last oral intake - what and when the victim eat and drank last time  Events leading up to the illness or injury  Information can be obtained from family, friends, bystanders if victim is not cooperating ...

1.LF UK | discipline: Health Care Sciences | ...: Array | published on: 9. 2. 2011

Introduction to first aid

pdf Introduction to first aid
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 Where help is needed (exact address, important landmarks, …  Your name and phone number ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Get help  Europe 112  Local 155  Helth care facility 4444  What happened  How many victims  Where  Who page 9 3) Secondary assessment  Is done only if breathing and heartbeat are present = basic life support is not needed right now  the circumstances will determine how detailed secondary assessment will be  ABCDE approach  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything else ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Primary Survey (assessment)  Get help  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Provide first aid  Reassess regularly  Transport to health care facility  A  B  C  D  E page 10 3) Secondary assessment  Airway  The airway needs to be clear for breathing  if obstructed, must be cleared immediately  Recommended procedures to maintain airway  Head tilt and chin lift - unresponsive victim  Jaw thrust - victim with suspected spinal injury  Cough - victim with mild airway obstruction  Back blow - victim with severe airway obstruction  Abdominal thrust - victim with severe airway obstruction  Chest thrust - victim with severe airway obstruction  Recovery position - unresponsive victim ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  B  C  D  E  Head tilt – chin lift  Jaw thrust  Back blow  Abdominal thrust  Chest thrust  Recovery position page 11 3) Secondary assessment  Breathing  Gain following information to assess breathing  Respiratory rate  The number of breath per minute  The normal breathing rate in adult is about 12-16 per minute  Bradypnea - too slow breathing  Tachypnia - too fast breathing  Apnea - no breathing at all  Depth  Too deep or too shallow breathing  Presence of discomfort, pain, noise associated with breathing  Victim with breathing difficulties  Responsive - place him /her in high sitting position  Unresponsive, not cooperative - place him /her in recovery position ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  C  D  E  Rate  Normal respiration 12 - 20  Bradypnea   Tachypnea   Apnea  Depth  Ease  Noise page 12 3) Secondary assessment  Circulation and haemorrhage control (bleeding)  Gain following information to assess circulation  Heart rate  The number of beats per minute  The normal heart rate in adult is about 60—90 per minute  Bradycardia - too slow heart beat  Tachycardia - too fast heart beat  Cardiac arrest - no heart beat at all  Rhythm  Regular or irregular  Arrhythmia - irregular rhythm  Strength  Skin colour  Pale, bluish discoloration - compromised circulation ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  D  E  Rate  Normal HR 60 - 90  Bradycardia   Tachycardia   Strength  Rhythm  Arrythmia  Skin colour page 13 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Gain information about following areas  Mental status  Pupils  Extremity ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  Mental status  Pupils  Extremities page 14 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Mental status  Glasgow coma scale is used to assess mental status by observing victim’s ability in eye opening, verbal and motor response  The highest score is 15 points, the lowest 3  8 points and less imply inability to protect own airway for decreased level of conscious- ness ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Eye opening  Spontaneously 4  To Speach 3  To Pain 2  None 1  Verbal response  Orientated 5  Confused 4  Inappropriate w ords 3  Incomprehensible sounds 2  None 1  Motor response  Obey s v erbal commands 6  Localising pain 5  Withdraw s from pain stimuli 4  Flex ing to pain 3  Ex tension to pain 2  No response 1  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  Mental status: Glasgow Coma Scale  Pupils  Extremities page 15 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Pupils  should be equal and react to light ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  GCS  Pupils  Extremities  Shape  Equality  Response to light  PEARL  Pupils Equal And Reacting to Light page 16 3) Secondary assessment  Disability = neurologic assessment  Extremities  Assess sensation and active movement of all extremities and compare response of both sides ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  E  GCS  PEARL  Extremities  Sensation  Movement page 17 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Gain information about what can be related to current condition ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything Else page 18 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Finish physical examination  Obtain victim’s history  Depends on circumstances where to start, generally if there is:  Significant mechanism of injury  start with physical examination  No mechanism of injury  start with victim’s history ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything Else  Physical examination  Victim‘s chief complaint  Head to toe examination  Victim‘s history page 19 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Finish physical examination  Depends on circumstances if to start with victim’s chief complain or head to toe examina- tion  Look for DOTS  Deformities  Open wounds  Tenderness or pain  Swelling ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY  Secondary Survey (assessment)  DOTS  Deformity  Open wounds  Tenderness  Swelling  Airway  Breathing  Circulation  Disability  Exposure, Everything Else  Physical examination  Victim‘s chief complaint  Head to toe examination  Victim‘s history page 20 3) Secondary assessment  Exposure; Everything else  Obtain victim’s history  Symptoms - all signs of injury or illness  Allergies - if the victim is known to be allergic to something  Medication - if the victim is on some kind of medication or just taken some medication for some reason  Past medical history - any severe medical condition or chronic illness the victim is suffering from  Last oral intake - what and when the victim eat and drank last time  Events leading up to the illness or injury  Information can be obtained from family, friends, bystanders if victim is not cooperating ...

1.LF UK | discipline: Health Care Sciences | ...: Array | published on: 7. 3. 2011

Neonatal surgery

pdf Neonatal surgery
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-immature GIT ischemic reaction (perinat. asphyxia, pneumopathie, shock, ductus arteriosus patens, polycythemia, …) -food loading of unsuitable composition (cow milk proteins, hyperosmolar food) -imune systém immature - bacterial infection – nosocomial flora colonization • Terminal ileum and proximal colon frequently affected, however, the whole intestines necrosis might happen (up to 20% of patients) page Necrotizing enterocolitis clinical count Mild course • Temporary food intolerance • Abdomen distension • Rectum occult bleeding Peracute course • Fully spread sepsis with apnea count • Bradycardia • Unstable temperature • Unstable circulation • Massive enterorrhagia • Shock page Stage Systemic symptoms GIT symptoms X-ray symptoms 1A – suspected NEC Unstable temperature, bradycardia, mild apnea, lethargy Gastric residuum, mild abdomen distension, vomiting, occult bleeding Mild loop diletation up to subileus 1B – suspected NEC The same Clearly red rectum blood The same 2A – confirmed NEC, mild alteration The same The same + deaf peristalsis, +/- sensitive abdomen ileus, pneumatosis intestinalis 2B - confirmed NEC, middle alteration The same + mild metab. acidosis, mild trombocytopenia The same + clear abdomen pain, +/- abdomen wall cellulitis or right lowe quadrant resistance The same + gas v port. bed, +/- ascites 3A – advanced NEC, serious alteration, intestine infarction The same+ hypotension bradycardia,deep apnea, DIC, neutropenia The same + diffuse peritonitis signs, breakthrough pain and abdomen distension The same + overt ascites 3B – advanced NEC, serious alteration, perforated intestine The same The same The same + pneumoperitone um page Necrotizing enterocolitis Diagnosis • Clinical finding • Lab tests–neutropenia, trombocytopenia, inflammation messenger growth, metabol ...

LF MU | discipline: Surgery, Traumatology and Orthopaedics | ...: Array | published on: 26. 10. 2018


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