Vyhledávání obsahu v síti MEFANET

Základné poznatky o morfológii zrakového orgánu: 1) anatómia pomocných orgánov oka - mihalnice, slzná žľaza, odvodné slzné cesty a slzný film, spojovka, okohybné svaly 2) anatómia očnej gule - obaly (3 vrstvy) očnej gule a anatomické štruktúry, ktoré vypĺňajú očnú guľu - šošovka, sklovec 3) charakteristika zrakového nervu a priebeh zrakovej dráhy 4) postup pri pitve očnej gule, výukový model oka

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Oftalmologie, optometrie | klíčová slova: anatómia oka, očnica, spojovka, okohybné svaly, očná guľa, šošovka, sklovec, sietnica, dúhovka, vráskovec, cievovka, zrakový nerv | publikováno: 24. 9. 2012

Konferencia MEFANET 2012    6. konferencia lekárskych fakúlt ČR a SR s medzinárodnou účasťou na tému e-learning a zdravotnická informatika vo výučbe lekárskych odborov Brno, 27.-28. november 2012, Hotel International                                                      

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Ostatní | klíčová slova: Konferencia, MEFANET 2012 | publikováno: 24. 7. 2012

On-line verzie zborníkov prednášok a poohliadnutie sa za konferenciami MEFANET nájdete na konferenčnom webe: MEFANET, kde okrem iného nájdete galérie fotografií, videí z jednotlivých konferenčných dní.                                                                          

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Ostatní | klíčová slova: Konferencia, MEFANET, Zborník | publikováno: 22. 1. 2012

Nové čísla e-bulletinu MEFANETin.                                                                                       

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Ostatní | klíčová slova: MEFANETin, e-bulletin | publikováno: 22. 6. 2012

Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) – prezentácia obsahuje základné princípy EBM, hierarchickú kategorizáciu dôkazov, informačné zdroje EBM a praktickú ukážku vyhľadávania „dôkazov“ v databáze PubMed.                        

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Lékařská informatika a informační věda | klíčová slova: Evidence Based Medicine (EBM), PubMed | publikováno: 29. 5. 2012

A success of pregnancy depends on a proper implantation and induction of immune tolerance. The immune system secures it by various mechanisms – special cells, cytokines, HLA molecules, peripheral tolerance take part in. The immune system of the newborn has also its own specifics as it matures relatively long time till it reaches the same protective ability as characteristic for adults.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: Blastocyst, NK cells, HLA molecules, tolerance, immune system of newborns | publikováno: 9. 5. 2012

The lecture deals with primary and secondary immunodefeciencies. It gives an overview on general clinical manifestations and their divisions according to the type of the immune functions defects. Must of the lecture devotes to AIDS.     

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: Immunodeficiencies, AIDS, HIV infections, Epidemiology, HAART | publikováno: 3. 5. 2012

The lecture „Structure of Matter From Biophysical Point of View“ is aimed to give a brief introduction to some applications of physics at microscopic level in medicine. It explains the fundamental problem of science, gives an overview of important stages in structure analysis, explains different structure and forms of matter, physical interactions, general properties and characteristics of matter, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, basic properties of elementary particles, the principle and usefulness of Schrödinger equation.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: physics in medicine, structure analysis, forms of matter, physical interactions, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, elementary particles, Schrödinger equation | publikováno: 27. 4. 2012

Prednáška „Štruktúra hmoty z biofyzikálneho hľadiska“ podáva stručný úvod k niektorým aplikáciám fyziky na mikroskopickej úrovni v medicíne. Vysvetľuje základný problém vedy, podáva stručný prehľad dôležitých epoch štrukturálnej analýzy, vysvetľuje rôznu štruktúru a formy hmoty, fyzikálne interakcie, všeobecné vlastnosti a charakteristiky hmoty, Heisenbergov princíp neurčitosti, základné vlastnosti elementárnych častíc, princíp a užitočnosť Schrödingerovej rovnice.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: fyzika v medicíne, štrukturálna analýza, formy hmoty, fyzikálneinterakcie, Heisenbergov princíp neurčitosti, elementárne častice, Schrödingerova rovnica | publikováno: 27. 4. 2012

The lecture „Dosimetry - Measurement of Ionising Radiation“ is aimed to explain the term dosimetry and the basic quantities characterising the radiation from the aspect of their biological effects that allow to measure and to quantify them. Terms as dose, absorbed dose, absorbed dose rate, integral dose, equivalent dose, effective dose, kerma, kerma rate, exposure, exposure rate and connected formulas and physical units are explained.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: dosimetry, dose, absorbed dose, absorbed dose rate, integral dose, equivalent dose, effective dose, kerma | publikováno: 16. 4. 2012

Prednáška „Dozimetria - Meranie ionizujúceho žiarenia“ je zameraná na vysvetenie pojmu dozimetria a základných veličín, ktoré charakterizujú žiarenie z hľadiska jeho biologických účinkov a umožňujú ho merať a kvantifikovať. Ide o pojmy ako dávka, absorbovaná dávka, príkon absorbovanej dávky, integrálna dávka, dávkový ekvivalent, efektívna dávka, kerma, kermový príkon, expozícia, expozičný príkon a s nimi súvisiace vzťahy a fyzikálne jednotky.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: dávka, absorbovaná dávka, príkon absorbovanej dávky, integrálna dávka, dávkový ekvivalent, efektívna dávka, kerma, kermový príkon, expozícia, eExpozičný príkon | publikováno: 16. 4. 2012

The lecture „Radioactivity“ is aimed to explain basic terms as radioactive isotopes, natural and artificial radioactivity, law of radioactive decay, half-life of decay (physical, biological, effective), mean life-time, activity and connected formulas and physical units.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: radioactive isotopes, natural and artificial radioactivity, law of radioactive decay, half-life of decay, mean life-time, activity | publikováno: 16. 4. 2012

Prednáška „Rádioaktivita“ je zameraná na vysvetenie základných pojmov ako rádioaktívne izotopy, prirodzená a umelá rádioaktivita, zákon rádioaktívnej premeny, doba polpremeny (fyzikálna, biologická, efektívna), stredná doba života, aktivita a s nimi súvisiace vzťahy a fyzikálne jednotky.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: rádioaktívne izotopy, prirodzená a umelá rádioaktivita, zákon rádioaktívnej premeny, doba polpremeny, stredná doba života, aktivita | publikováno: 16. 4. 2012

Type I hypersensitivity belongs to the most common disorder mediated by immune reactions; it affects app. more than 30% of all individuals in Caucasoid population. Type I hypersensitivity is commonly called allergy. It is characterised by rapid onset (hence the term immediate hypersensitivity), within minutes of antigen challenge, and results in conspicuous clinical symptoms.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: Allergy, anaphylaxis, atopy, IgE antibodies, histamine | publikováno: 4. 4. 2012

The lecture „Basic elements of electric circuits“ is aimed to explain basic terms, quantities and units  It contains basic electrical values like electric current, electric resistance next measurement of electrical quantities and elements of electric circuit.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: Electric circuit, electric current, electric resistance | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Prednáška „Základné prvky elektrických obvodov“ je zameraná na vysvetlenie základných pojmov, veličín a jednotiek. Obsahuje základné elektrické veličiny ako elektrický prúd, elektrický odpor, ďalej meranie elektrických veličín a prvky elektrického obvodu.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: Elektrický obvod, elektrický prúd, elektrický odpor | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

The 100th anniversary of the Student´s statistical t-distribution is commemorated.                                                                                                                                                                              

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biofyzika | klíčová slova: Statistics, StudentXXCentury, Student100yNEL05 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

The monthly registered Wolf numbers (i.e the numbers of sunspots), solar flares index and Ap index of the geomagnetic activity values display negative regression dependence („negatively correlate“) upon the monthly observed numbers of new cases of cerebral infarction.This phenomenon is present with delays from -6 months (infarction before the cosmogeophysical measurement) up to + 17 months (infarction after the cosmogeophysical measurement),with the most pronounced relationship for delay of +5 months.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Neurologie | klíčová slova: NeuroEndoc rino, NeuroPsychiatry, Stroke, CerInfSolGeoma IMAJ07 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Russian scientist Tchijevskij investigated almost 100 years ago (suggested for Nobel prize) relationships between solar activity, cycling with the period around 11 years, and the status of mankind. He found „social excitation“, as revolutions and wars, at the time of solar maxima and peaceful activities like flourishing of arts at minima.The present paper explores whether such a parallelism applies also to the 500 years´ (semimillenial) cycling of solar activity. The present author obtained, using the cosinor analysis, significant positive anwer. It is hypothesized that one of the responsible factors could be solar impact on geomagnetic field.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Psychiatrie, psychologie, sexuologie | klíčová slova: Socioeconomy, Sociology, History, RevolCultSolarNEL2007 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Distinct increase in the incidence of this disease, observed in Central and Eastern Europe recently, was registered also in Slovak children. Nevertheless, an original finding is the significant presence of 10-11-years cycling, corresponding probably with that in the solar activity, and of 7-years cycling, known for geomagnetic activity These periodicities are superposed on an increasing linear trend, affirmed in some Western „main stream“ journals (e.g.Diabetologia) as the only pattern in this issue.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Diabetologie, dietetika | klíčová slova: Diabetes, DiabetesIncidence, DiaIncWNApNEL03 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Ročné počty nových pacientov v Českej republike (1965-2003), Slovenskej republike (1980-2003) a na Sibíri (1955-1994), tu aj s klimatickými teplotami, vykazujú zhodne vzostup, okrem ochorení na Sibiri štatisticky významný.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Epidemiologie, preventivní lékařství, hygiena | klíčová slova: Epidemiology, TickBorneEncephalitis, KliešEncOteplÚp06 a TickGlobOtepÚp06 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Yearly numbers of new cases of this disease, collected over one half century,were processed by uncostomed biometrical tools – testing of randomness of the time sequence using Poisson and „contagious“ distributions, cosinor regression and crosscorrelation.The older experience of these authors – cycling of the daily numbers of cases during synodic lunar cycle – has been extended to the years´ scales: cycling contemporal with the Moon nutation period was found as significant. It is another evidence for a putative effect of gravity on bacterial virulence of Salmonella. In the mean time, experiments in NASA laboratories,USA found a dangerous increase of Salmonella virulence in microgravity conditions. Practical consequencies for the medical securing of space flight crews are indicated.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Epidemiologie, preventivní lékařství, hygiena | klíčová slova: Epidemiology, Salmonellosis, SalmIsrael, Slovak, Czech, SalmonIncidSlov1957-08 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Annual incidence rates of 3157 cases of leptospiroses recorded within 1949 and 2004, caused by the main serovars ificant or borderly significant periodicities, resembling those known from solar and geomagnetic activity, were identified. By comparing them with the time course of Wolf numbers, an almost exact reciprocity of maxima and minima of Wolf numbers and leptospiroses was disclosed. It is hypothetized that the epizoonotic character of these diseases supports the putative dependence of its manifestation upon the nature including the sun. Surprisingly, no similar results were found, so far, in the world scientific registers.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Epidemiologie, preventivní lékařství, hygiena | klíčová slova: Epidemiology, Leptospirosis, LeptSRÚp07Bul185 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Incidence of toxocarosis in Slovakia 1977-1990 showed an exponential increase with an accessory cycling, having 7-8 years period length.                                                 

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Epidemiologie, preventivní lékařství, hygiena | klíčová slova: Epidemiology, Toxocarosis, ToxocaraMik1992 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

The 24-hour profile of hourly registered extrasystoles mean counts per one subjest in apparently healthy elderly males was studied with the aid of Halberg cosinor regression.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Kardiologie, angiologie | klíčová slova: Cardiology, ExtrasystCircaUltraDian, Health, HealLowAPhysiolHun08 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Rotor syndrome is a rare familial conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia with notmal liver histology and unknown cause. The hypothesis was tested that it can be an allele variant of Dubin-Johnson syndrome, caused by mutation in ABCC2 gene. The ABCC2 gene and protein were investigated in two patients with this syndrome. No sequence variations were found in 32 exons, adjacent intronic regions and the promoter region of ABCC2. Accordingly, Rotor syndrome is not an allelic variant of ABCC2 deficiency.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Biologie | klíčová slova: HepGastroEnt, BenignJaundice, RotorBiPumpLiveInt2007 | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Protein antigens are no able to induce an immune response without being previously processed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Following their processing that comprises their splitting to smaller fragments – peptides, APs subsequently present them to T cells; moreover, they activate them and polarise to a specific biological functions. Depending of antigen origin, there are two presentation pathways, exogenous and endogenous. Antigens originated from outside of APC, e.g. bacterial toxins, enzymes, etc., are presented by exogenous pathway and presented molecules are class II HLA molecules. T cell, that recognise presented peptides belong to helper subset of T cells. Antigens originated in the cytosol, such as antigens that appear in the cytoplasm of virus infected cells, are presented by endogenous pathway and presented molecules belong to class I HL-A molecules. T cells, that recognise presented peptides, represent cytotoxic T cells.  

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: Antigen presenting cells, HLA molecules, T cells and their subsets | publikováno: 28. 3. 2012

Histokompatibilné molekuly sú geneticky determinované proteíny, ktorá sa nachádzajú v membránach všetkých jadrových buniek. Vytvárajú ucelený systém, ktorý sa označuje ako hlavný histokompatibilný komplex (MHC – Major Histocompatibility Complex). Každý živočíšny druh má svoj MHC; u ľudí sa označuje skratkou HLA. Táto vznikla z prvých písmen označenia “Human leucocyte antigens” pretože prvé jeho molekuly boli objavené na leukocytoch.  

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: histokompatibilné molekuly, HLA-systém, polymorfnosť, transplantácie, asociácia s chorobami, paternitné spory | publikováno: 16. 3. 2012

Histocompatibility molecules are genetically determined proteins present in membranes of all nucleated cells. They form a unique system for which the term “Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)” was coined. Each vertebrate species is characterised by its own MHC; that of humans has an abbreviation HLA. This acronym is derived from the words: “human leucocyte antigens” as its fist molecules were discovered in membranes of leucocytes.

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: histocompatibility molecules, HLA system, chromosome 6, antigen presentation, transplantations, associations with diseases | publikováno: 16. 3. 2012

Cytokines are soluble peptides that induce activation, proliferation and differentiation of cells of the immune system. Moreover, cytokines influence functions of cells of other tissues and organs, esp. of nervous and endocrine systems. They act in very low concentrations (10-10 M) what makes them to be like hormones. However, hormones tend to be produced constitutively and are produced by endocrine organs. Cytokines, on the contrary, are secreted after activation of particular cells and secretion is short-lived, generally ranging from a few hours to a few days and there are no specialised organs for their synthesis. Cytokines influence target cell in 4 different ways, synergistic, antagonistic, pleiotropic, and redundant way, respectively. They ca act in a autocrine, paracrine and endocrine manner. There are many cytokines that can be divided into those regulating innate and adaptive immunity, to the group of cytokines endowed by chemotactic properties and those supporting growth of hematopoietic and immune system cells.  

LF UK v Bratislave | disciplína: Imunologie, alergologie | klíčová slova: Cytokines, interleukins, molecular patterns of germs | publikováno: 16. 3. 2012